黄芪及其活性成分防治阿尔茨海默病机制研究进展

Research progress on mechanism of Astragali Radix and its active ingredients in prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

中药及其活性成分防治阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)是当前的研究热点之一。黄芪Astragali Radix作为传统的药食同源中药,具有抗炎、抗氧化等药理作用。研究表明,黄芪及其提取物在中枢神经系统中具有多种药理作用,在改善学习记忆和防治AD方面报道最多的主要是其活性成分(如黄芪皂苷、黄芪多糖等)。黄芪不仅能改善学习记忆能力,还可通过抑制β-淀粉样蛋白产生或聚集、抑制神经细胞损伤或凋亡、抑制神经炎症等,在AD中发挥神经保护作用。在查阅相关国内外文献基础上,对黄芪及其活性成分在AD中的神经保护作用及其可能机制的研究进展进行总结和概述,为黄芪的进一步研究与开发应用提供参考。

The prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease(AD)by traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)and its active ingredients is one of the current research hotspots.Huangqi(Astragali Radix),a traditional medicine and food homologous herb,has antiinflammatory and antioxidant pharmacological effects.Studies have shown that Astragali Radix and its extracts can exert a variety of pharmacological effects in the central nervous system,and the active ingredients(Astragalus saponin,Astragalus polysaccharide,etc.)of Astragali Radix have been most reported in improving learning and memory and combating AD.Astragali Radix not only improves learning and memory ability,but also exerts neuroprotective effects in AD by inhibitingβ-amyloid production or aggregation,inhibiting neuronal cell damage or apoptosis,and inhibiting neuroinflammation.Based on the review of relevant domestic and international literature,the research progress on the neuroprotective effects of Astragali Radix and its active ingredients in AD and their possible mechanisms are summarized and outlined to provide reference for further research and application development of Astragali Radix.