特高压GIS断路器用管型绝缘拉杆动态受力真型试验与材料压缩特性分析

Dynamic Stress Test and Analysis on Compression Characteristics of Tubular Insulation Rod Material for UHV GIS Circuit Breaker

作为特高压GIS断路器中连接触头与操作机构的关键部件,绝缘拉杆在操作过程中需要承受外载荷作用。为掌握绝缘拉杆动态受力特性、材料力学性能,文中通过在特高压GIS断路器中布置力传感器测得其主绝缘拉杆操作过程中动态受力情况,根据测试结果进行了拉杆材料管型试样的压缩试验,并利用仿真分析了不同长径比拉杆的压缩屈曲特性。试验结果表明,操作过程中主绝缘拉杆受交变冲击载荷作用,操作机构对绝缘拉杆所施加压力峰值与拉力峰值相差不大,且二者均达到110 k N以上,绝缘拉杆材料的压缩特性应得到关注。压缩试验结果表明长度和内、外径将会直接影响管型绝缘拉杆材料压缩性能,大长径比绝缘拉杆更容易在压缩载荷下出现塑性变形和屈曲失稳现象,所能承受的最大压缩载荷更小。基于材料压缩试验,文中通过仿真计算建立了管型绝缘拉杆临界屈曲载荷与长度之间的近似关系式,并提出通过管型试样压缩试验得到原尺寸拉杆临界屈曲载荷的方法。文中研究成果可为特高压GIS绝缘拉杆材料试验、设计制造提供参考。

The insulation rod,as the key element for connecting the contact and operating mechansim of UHV GIS circuit breaker,needs withstanding external stress during the operation.For mastering the dynamic stress characteris-tics and the material’s mechanical charcateristic of the insulating rod,the force sensor is arranged in the UHV GIS circuit breaker to measure the dynamic stress of its main insulation rod during the operation period.According to the measurement results,the compression test of tubular sample of the insulation rod is carried out,and the compression buckling characteristics of samples with different length diameter ratio are simulated and analyzed.The test results show that the insulation rod is subjected to alternating impact loads during operation.The peak of the pressure ap-plied by the operating mechanism to the insulation rod is close to that of the tensile force in the test,and both of them are above 110 kN.Therefore,the compression characteristics of the material of insulation rod should be paid atten-tion to.The compression test results show that the length,inner and outer diameters will directly affect the compres-sion performance of the tubular insulation rod,plastic deformation and buckling instability under compressive force are more likely to occur for the insulation rod with large aspect ratio,and the bore maximum compressive load is smaller.Based on the compression test of the material,the approximate relationship between the critical buckling load and length of the insulating rod is set up through simulation calculation,and a method to obtain the critical buck-ling load of the original-sized rod is proposed through the compression test of the tubular specimen.The research re-sults of this paper can provide reference for the material testing,design and manufacture of insulation rod for UHV GIS.