不同融融连接方式对轨道车辆铝型材性能影响的研究

Study on Influence of Different Fusion Connection Methods on Performance of Aluminum Profiles of Rail Vehicles

通过对多腔体铝型材不同融融连接方式样品进行宏/微观组织、拉伸性能、折弯性能、弯曲性能及硬度对比分析。研究表明,由挤压所形成的融融连接接头各项力学性能高于搅拌摩擦融融连接接头,在挤压过程中所形成的粗晶会降低材料的力学性能,所以应在挤压过程中严格控制粗晶的产生;在大结构铝型材产品中,由于同时存在多种融融连接方式(搅拌摩擦和挤压融合),所以建议在使用搅拌摩擦连接的焊接端头应适当的增加母材厚度,从而增加该位置的强度。

In this paper,the macro/micro structure,tensile properties,bending properties,bending properties and hardness of multi-cavity aluminum profiles with different fusion connection methods are compared and analyzed.The results show that the mechanical properties of the fusion joint formed by extrusion are higher than those of the friction stir fusion joint.The coarse crystals formed during extrusion will reduce the mechanical properties of the material,so the generation of coarse crystals should be strictly controlled during extrusion.In large-structure aluminum profile products,due to the existence of a variety of fusion modes(friction stir and extrusion fusion),it is recommended that the thickness of the base metal should be appropriately increased at the welded end using friction stir connection,so as to increase the strength of the position.