水上飞机不同滑行速度下的动态响应特性研究

Study on Dynamic Characteristics of Seaplane at Different Gliding Speeds

复杂的海况对水上飞机的适航性和安全性提出了更高的要求。为了更好地分析水上飞机滑水运动中的规律,采用速度入口造波方法构建数值水池,运用有限体积法,结合整体动网格方法实现飞机的精确运动,对水上飞机在波浪水面滑行过程中的数值仿真技术和典型力学特性进行研究,分析在波长120 m,波高2 m的五阶非线性波条件下,飞机以不同速度滑行时的水阻力、运动响应、底部载荷响应和过载响应规律。研究发现:水上飞机在波浪水面低速滑行时,其运动过程具有良好的周期性,当滑行速度较大时,出现了飞机的离水运动,飞机姿态变化更加剧烈,垂向过载、水阻力出现尖端峰值,其数值也随速度增大而增大。

Complex sea conditions put forward higher requirements for seaplane airworthiness and safety.In order to better analyze the law of seaplane water-skiing,this paper adopts the velocity inlet wave generation method to build a numerical pool,and adopts the finite volume method combined with the integral dynamic grid method to realize the precise movement of the aircraft.The numerical simulation technology and typical mechanical characteristics of seaplane in the process of sliding on the wave surface were studied,and the water resistance,motion response,bottom load response and overload response were analyzed under the condition of fifth-order nonlinear wave with wavelength 120m and wave height 2m.It is found that the seaplane's motion process has a good periodicity when it is gliding at low speed on the wave water surface.When the speed is larger,the phenomenon of the aircraft leaving the water appears,the attitude of the aircraft changes more violently,the vertical overload and water resistance appear apex peaks,and their values also increase with the increase of the speed.