北方农牧交错带农牧业高质量发展面临的机遇、挑战与策略——以山西朔州市为例

Opportunities,Challenges and Strategies for High-Quality Development in Agriculture and Animal Husbandry in the Northern Agro-Pastoral Transitional Zone:A Case Study of Shuozhou City,Shanxi Province

朔州市农牧业高质量发展面临千载难逢的机遇,一是自然条件适宜牛羊养殖、小杂粮和高寒农作物种植,产品质量高;二是国家、省市出台了一系列促进农牧业高质量发展的政策;三是消费升级催生高质量农牧产品需求缺口,为朔州市高质量农牧产品提供了市场需求;四是以往农民从事农牧业、加大农牧业投资的意愿不强,这为通过农业合作社、家庭农场、农业公司实现农牧业规模化、产业化提供了契机。同时,朔州市农牧业高质量发展面临品牌效应、农牧业企业带动作用不强,社会化服务组织高质量发展水平不高,外部竞争激烈,产业链偏短、价值链偏低,人才数量不足、能力素质不高,科技水平亟待提升等挑战。朔州市农牧业实现高质量发展必须采取以下策略:扩大农牧产品影响力、品牌知名度,设立品牌管理机构,制定农牧产品地方标准,打造农牧产品品牌,提高品牌效应;扶持优势企业并使其向产业链上下游延伸,通过完善企业管理制度等措施培育壮大农牧业企业;提高农技人员积极性,增强农牧业企业对人才的吸引力和培养水平;成立行业协会,提升资本规模和技术装备水平,以实现社会化服务组织高质量发展;建立全产业链生产体系,提高产品价值链层次,应用新一代信息技术以实现产业链延伸、价值链向中高端跃升;通过加大经费投入、提高科研成果转化率等措施提高农牧业科技水平;成立母基金,拓宽融资渠道,以满足农牧业高质量发展的融资需求。

The agriculture and animal husbandry sectors in Shuozhou city are presented with unprecedented opportunities for high-quality development.First,the region’s natural conditions are conducive to the breeding of cattle and sheep,as well as the cultivation of minor grains and cold-tolerant crops,which result in high-quality products.Second,the national and provincial governments have introduced a series of policies to promote the high-quality development of agriculture and animal husbandry.Third,the consumption upgrading has created a market demand gap for the quality of agricultural and pastoral products,providing a market for high-quality products from Shuozhou city.Fourth,the historically insufficient willingness of farmers to engage in agriculture and animal husbandry and to invest more in these industries has created an opportunity for the scaling and industrialization of these sectors through agricultural cooperatives,family farms,and agricultural companies.However,Shuozhou’s agriculture and animal husbandry face several challenges in achieving high-quality development.These include a weak brand effect,insufficient drive from agricultural and animal husbandry enterprises,a low level of development in socialized service organizations,intense external competition,short industry chains,low value chains,a shortage of professionals,inadequate capability and quality of the workforce,and a science and technology level that urgently needs improvement.To realize high-quality development in Shuozhou’s agriculture and animal husbandry,the following strategies must be adopted:first,expanding the influence and brand awareness of agricultural and animal husbandry products,establishing brand management institutions,formulating local standards for agricultural and animal husbandry products,and others to build product brands and to enhance brand effect.Second,supporting leading enterprises to extend both upstream and downstream of the industry chain,and perfecting corporate management systems to cultivate and strengthen agricultural and pastoral enterprises.Third,increasing the enthusiasm of agricultural technicians and enhancing the attractiveness and training level of professionals in enterprises to build a high-quality professional team.Fourth,establishing industry associations to improve the scale of capital and the level of technological equipment to achieve high-quality development of socialized service organizations.Fifth,building a whole industry chain production system,improving the product value chain level,and applying new-generation information technology to extend the industry chain and jump to a higher value chain.Sixth,increasing funding to improve the conversion rate of scientific research results and enhance the level of agricultural and animal husbandry science and technology.Last,establishing a fund of funds to broaden financing channels to meet the financing needs of high-quality development in agriculture and animal husbandry.