电氢市场主体参与电力市场的路径及发展展望

The Path and Development Prospects for the Participation of Hydrogen-electricity Market Participants in the Electricity Market

随着世界各国氢能发展战略的出台,电氢耦合成为备受关注的方向。电氢市场主体作为电力系统的灵活调节资源,能够助力实现双碳目标下新型电力系统的安全经济运行。中国电力现货市场建设稳步推进,致力于通过电价信号引导电力系统的资源配置,电氢市场主体能够通过参与电力市场降低其购电成本并获得额外收益,进而促进电氢产业的发展。为此,首先从技术可行性和商业模式的角度综述了已有电氢市场主体参与电力市场的相关研究;总结现有电力市场机制下电氢市场主体的参与方式;提出电氢负荷参与电能市场的投标模型和提供调频服务的机会成本计算模型并进行算例验证,在此基础上结合中国电力现货市场建设现状,为促进电氢市场主体参与电力市场提出了待解决的问题和建议。

With the introduction of hydrogen energy development strategies in countries worldwide,electric-hydrogen coupling has become a direction that has attracted much attention.As a flexible power system resource,electric-hydrogen entities can help realize the safe and economic operation of the new power system under the dual-carbon goal.China's electricity spot market is steadily advancing.It is committed to guiding the allocation of resources in the power system through tariff signals so that the electric-hydrogen entities can reduce their power purchase costs and gain additional benefits through participation in the electricity market,thus promoting the development of the electric-hydrogen industry.To this end,this article first reviews the relevant studies on the participation of electric-hydrogen entities in the power market from the perspectives of technical feasibility and business model;summarizes the participation methods of electric-hydrogen entities under the existing power market mechanism;puts forward the bidding model for electric-hydrogen loads to participate in the power market and the opportunity cost calculation model for the provision of frequency regulation services,and validate the examples.Based on this,and in conjunction with the current situation of China's power spot market,this article put forward several outstanding issues to be resolved to promote the participation of electric-hydrogen entities in the power market.