数字经济对城乡居民收入差距影响研究——兼论城镇化的门槛效应

Research on the Impact of Digital Economy on the Income Gap between Urban and Rural Residents——On threshold effect of urbanization

数字经济为缩小居民收入差距带来了新机遇,而“数字鸿沟”又可能引发新的贫富差距。研究数字经济对城乡居民收入差距的影响,对于认识和缩小差距,实现共同富裕具有重要意义。文章基于2011—2020年31个省域面板数据,通过构建静态、动态面板模型及门槛模型,分析数字经济对城乡居民收入差距的影响。研究发现:省域层面上,数字经济显著缩小城乡居民收入差距,且该影响具有单一门槛效应。在城镇化水平较低时,数字经济对城乡收入差距的影响不显著;当城镇化水平越过门槛值,数字经济水平显著影响城乡收入差距的缩小。异质性分析发现,我国南北地区呈现出不同的效应,北方省份城乡收入差距受数字经济水平影响较小,而南方较大。

Digital economy has brought new opportunities to narrow the income gap of residents,and the “digital divide” may lead to a new gap between the rich and the poor.Studying the impact of digital economy on the income gap between urban and rural residents is of great significance for understanding and narrowing the gap and realizing common prosperity.Based on the panel data of 31 provinces from 2011 to 2020,this paper analyzes the impact of digital economy on the income gap between urban and rural residents by constructing static and dynamic panel models and threshold models.The results show that at the provincial level,the digital economy significantly reduces the income gap between urban and rural residents,and the impact has a single threshold effect.When the urbanization level is low,the digital economy has no significant impact on the urban-rural income gap.When the level of urbanization crosses the threshold,the level of digital economy significantly affects the narrowing of the urban-rural income gap.The heterogeneity analysis shows that there are different effects in the northern and southern regions of China.The urban-rural income gap in the northern provinces is less affected by the level of digital economy,while the southern provinces are more affected.