中国式托育政策范式演进、影响因素与现代化

The Paradigm Evolution and Modernization Road of Sinicism Childcare Policy

党的二十大报告指出,推进健康中国建设,建立生育支持政策体系。中国式现代化是人口规模巨大的现代化,优化人口结构、实现现代化的前置条件是科学设计人口政策及其配套措施,而其中托育政策尤为重要。我国托育政策经历了从集体主义到走向市场社会,再到理念、程序与实践的统一跨越式发展,体现出鲜明的中国式演进特色。基于历史制度主义视角,文章发现我国托育政策范式迭变,源于时代挈引、“间断均衡”式更替和政策行动者的共同驱动。面对三孩政策、新时代中国式现代化建设等新变局、新要求,未来应当在中国共产党的领导下,聚焦托育质量建设和家庭需求本位,建构合作互补式服务供给网络,推动政策杠杆与工具箱协同创新,最终形成中国式现代化托育政策范式。

The 20th National Congress report of the CPC pointed out that we should promote the construction of a healthy China and establish a policy system to support childbearing.Sinicism modernization has a huge population its premise is to optimize the population structure,especially supporting scientific childcare policies.China’s childcare policy has experienced from collectivism to market and society,and then to the leapfrog development that integrates concepts,procedures,and practices.Based on historical institutionalism,it is found that the paradigm change of China’s childcare policy is the result of the macro era,the“discontinuity-equilibrium”drive and the joint action of policy actors.Facing the requirements of the new era such as the three child policy,we should adhere to the leadership of the CPC,focus on the quality construction and demand of childcare,build a cooperative and complementary service supply network,and promote the collaborative innovation of policy leverage and toolbox,finally form sinicism modernization policy paradigm for childcare.