职校学生24小时活动与抑郁症状关系的横断面研究

A cross-sectional study on the relationship between 24-hour activities and depressive symptoms in vocational school students

目的使用等时替代模型,探索有、无抑郁症状的职校学生10 min/天身体活动(physical activity,PA)、久坐行为(sedentary behavior,SB)和睡眠(sleep,SLP)之间等时替代与抑郁症状量表得分的关联。方法采用方便整群抽样方法,选取上海市和江苏省的14所职校,调查对象为1~3年级学生,于2021年12月—2022年1月开展问卷调查。根据流调中心抑郁量表(Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale,CES-D)得分将学生分为有抑郁症状组和无抑郁症状组。结果共收回问卷40339份,其中能够清楚记得过去1周身体活动时间的问卷10086份,数据清洗后获得有效问卷8149份,包括无抑郁症状组5496人(67.44%),有抑郁症状组2653人(32.56%)。调查对象平均年龄(16.70±1.19)岁。无抑郁症状组的中强度身体活动(moderate physical activity,MPA)替代其他所有研究的行为均与CES-D得分呈负相关,高强度身体活动(vigorous physical activity,VPA)替代MPA和SB均与CES-D得分呈正相关;有抑郁症状组的MPA替代步行、SB和SLP均与CES-D得分呈负相关。MPA替代步行、SB和SLP与CES-D得分的负关联,在有抑郁症状组中的强度大于无抑郁症状组。结论职校学生抑郁症状检出率较高,学生MPA替代步行、SB和SLP与CES-D得分呈负相关,有抑郁症状组中的关联大于无抑郁症状组。

Objective An isotemporal substitution model was used to explore the associations between activities including 10 minutes per day of physical activity(PA),sedentary behavior(SB),and sleep(SLP),and depressive symptoms among vocational school students with and without depressive symptoms.Methods Questionnaire survey was conducted on grade one to grade three students attending vocational schools in Shanghai and Jiangsu Province from Dec 2021 to Jan 2022.Fourteen schools were selected using the convenience cluster sampling method.The selected students were categorized into depressive symptoms group and non-depressive symptoms group according to the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D)scores.Results A total of 40339 questionnaires were collected,of which 10086 were able to clearly remember the time of physical activity in the past week,and 8149 were valid after data cleaning.According to the valid questionnaires,5496 students(67.44%)were in the nondepressive symptoms group and 2653(32.56%)were in the depressive symptoms group.The mean age of the students were(16.70±1.19)years.In the non-depressive symptoms group,substituting moderate physical activity(MPA)for all the other behaviors was negatively associated with CES-D scores,while substituting vigorous physical activity(VPA)for MPA and SB was positively associated with CES-D scores.In the depressive symptoms group,substituting walking,SB,and SLP with MPA was negatively associated with CES-D scores,respectively.The associations of MPA substituted for walking,SB,and SLP with CES-D scores were much stronger in the depressive symptoms group than in the non-depressive symptoms group.Conclusion The detection rate of depressive symptoms was high among vocational students.Substituting MPA for walking,SB,and SLP were negatively associated with CES-D scores,with a stronger association observed in the depressive symptoms group than in the non-depressive symptoms group.