剖宫产术前口服碳水化合物饮料对母儿结局的影响

Effects of oral carbohydrate drinks before cesarean section on maternal and infant outcomes

目的研究剖宫产术前口服碳水化合物饮料对产妇及新生儿的影响,探讨碳水化合物饮料在剖宫产术前的应用价值。方法回顾性分析2020年6月—2021年6月复旦大学附属妇产科医院206例单胎剖宫产产妇的临床资料,根据剖宫产术前是否口服碳水化合物饮料分为加速产后康复(enhanced recovery after delivery,ERAD)组及对照组,探究术前口服碳水化合物饮料对产妇术前补液、术后康复及新生儿的影响。结果在禁食<12 h的患者中,ERAD组较对照组补液率更低,平均补液量更少(P<0.05);ERAD组术后排气药物使用率更低(P<0.05);在无腹部手术史的产妇中,ERAD组术后24 h出血量更少(P<0.05);两组术后发热率、恶心呕吐发生率、排气时间、新生儿Apgar评分、出室血糖及新生儿重症监护室(neonatal intensive care unit,NICU)收治率等差异无统计学意义。有低血糖高危因素的新生儿中,ERAD组新生儿入观察室血糖较对照组更低,新生儿低血糖发生率更高(P<0.05)。结论剖宫产术前口服碳水化合物饮料可能有利于减少择期剖宫产产妇术前补液、术后胃肠道功能恢复及减少剖宫产术后出血,但可能与新生儿低血糖发生有关。

Objective To study the effect of drinking carbohydrate drinks before cesarean section on mothers and neonates,and to explore the application value of drinking carbohydrate drinks before cesarean section.Methods The clinical data of 206 singleton women who underwent selective cesarean section in Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital,Fudan University from Jun 2020 to Jun 2021 were retrospectively studied.Patients were divided into enhanced recovery after delivery(ERAD)group and control group according to whether drinking carbohydrate drinks before cesarean section.A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the effect of preoperative carb drinks on preoperative fluid supplementation,postoperative rehabilitation and neonatal prognosis.Results Among patients who fasted for less than 12 hours,the ERAD group had a lower fluid supplementation rate and a smaller average fluid supplementation volume compared to the control group(P<0.05).The ERAD group had a lower rate of prokinetic agent using after surgery(P<0.05).Among women without a history of abdominal surgery,the ERAD group had less blood loss 24 hours after surgery(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in postoperative fever rate,incidence of nausea and vomiting,time of first flatus,neonatal apgar score,exit observation room neonatal blood,and neonatal neonatal intensive care unit(NICU)admission rate between the two groups.Among newborns with high-risk factors for hypoglycemia,the ERAD group had lower enter observation room neonatal blood compared to the control group,and a higher incidence of hypoglycemia(P<0.05).Conclusion Oral intake of carbohydrate drinks before cesarean section may be beneficial in reducing fluid supplementation before elective cesarean section,promoting postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery,and reducing postoperative bleeding.However,it may be related to the occurrence of neonatal hypoglycemia.