近年来日本学界构筑“新世界史像”的探索

The Exploration of the Japanese Historians for a New Perspective of World History

20世纪90年代以来,在回应国内社会需要以及受西方史学理论潮流影响之下,日本学界在审视既有研究基础上出现了探索“新世界史像”热潮。全球化时代的世界史书写、世界史与全球史的关系以及区域史与世界史的关系等问题为理论探讨热点。在史观方面,提出应突破欧洲中心史观、近代化论、国民国家论、进步史观等的束缚。在研究广度上,主张吸纳全球史优长,拓展时空观念、重视联系性、强化薄弱区域和领域的研究。2016年开始出版的《密涅瓦世界史丛书》及2021—2023年出版的《岩波讲座世界历史》较集中反映了近年的新进展。尽管日本学界“新世界史像”探索成绩斐然,但尚未能构筑自身成熟的理论体系。

Since the 1990s,in response to domestic social needs and the impact of Western historiography,a trend of exploring newer perspective of world history came into being in Japanese academic circle.The main subjects of this exploration include how to write world history in the era of globalization,the relationship between world history and global history,and the relationship between regional history and world history.In terms of conception of history,proposes such as overcoming Euro-centrism,modernization theory,nation-state theory,and progressive view of history received major attention.In terms of breadth of research,suggestions such as absorbing advantages from global history,broadening the view points of time and space,emphasizing connections,and strengthening studies of less studied regions and fields.These progresses can be seen in"Mimerva World History Series"and"Iwanami World History".Taken all the achievements concerning"new world history",the Japanese historians have not yet been able to establish their own mature theory of world history.