县中学生:“反抗者”还是“好学者”?--一项基于广东省县域高中学生学业投入状况的调查

Students in County High Schools:"Learning Rebels"or"Motivated Learners"?——Evidence from a Survey on the Academic Engagement of High School Students in Guangdong

本研究基于一项对广东省县中的大规模调查,对县中学生的学习投入和同辈群体文化状况,以及学生家庭的文化和社会资本占有状况、同辈群体文化对他们的学业投入特征的影响进行了分析。研究发现,虽然县中学生中“好学者”的比例低于地市高中,但比例依然高达40%,以农村生源为主的县中学生并不像部分小范围田野工作所揭示的普遍不认可学业目标、学业倾向不佳、学习投入程度低。数据也的确显示,他们成为“迷惘者”和“撤退者”的比例要高于城市学生,而家庭的文化资本投入和社会资本投入状况是重要的解释。上述理解和发现有助于克服因小规模田野工作结论的过度推广而导致的农村学生学业污名化。

This study is based on a large-scale survey conducted in counties within Guangdong,analyzing the learning engagement of students from these areas,the dynamic culture of peer groups in schools,the cultural and social capital in families,and the influence of peer group culture on their academic engagement.It points out that although the proportion of"motivated learners"among students in county high schools is lower than that in city high schools,it still reaches 40%.The students in county high schools are mainly from rural backgrounds.Contrary to what previous small-scale fieldwork suggested—that students in county high schools tend to lack recognition of academic goals,show poor academic tendencies,and have low levels of academic engagement—results from our study reveal that while they are more likely to become"lost"or"withdrawn"compared to their urban counterparts,the investment in cultural and social capital by their families are significant explanatory factors.This understanding and these findings help counter the stigmatization of rural students'academic performance that often results from overgeneralizing conclusions based on small-scale fieldwork.