基于知信行干预理论的药学服务模式在肿瘤患者中的应用

Application of pharmacy service model based on the theory of knowledge,attitude and practice intervention in oncology patients

目的探讨基于知信行(KAP)干预理论的药学服务模式,在肿瘤患者的全程化管理中的应用效果。方法收集2022年10月至2023年4月西双版纳傣族自治州人民医院就诊的肿瘤患者60例临床资料,采用随机数字表法将其分为干预组和对照组,各30例。对照组由医生和护士进行常规的诊疗指导,干预组的患者在常规诊疗的基础上,给予肿瘤专业药师基于知信行干预理论的全程化药学服务。在干预2个周期后,比较两组患者存在的未解决的药物相关问题、KAP得分水平、情绪情况及满意度等指标,并分析临床药师提供药学服务的情况。结果干预2个周期后,与对照组比较,干预组患者药物相关问题的发生率及人均存在数量均显著降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);而满意度显著提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);干预组KAP各维度除行为维度外得分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);相对于干预前,干预组患者焦虑与抑郁情绪评分也明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于KAP干预理论的全程化药学服务模式,能够减少肿瘤患者在治疗过程中可能出现的药物相关问题,缓解就诊过程中的紧张、焦虑情绪,从而提高患者依从性及满意度。

Objective To explore the application effect of the pharmaceutical service model based on the knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP)intervention theory in the whole process management of cancer patients.Methods Clinical data of 60 cancer patients from October 2022 to April 2023 in the People′s Hospital at of Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture were collected and divided into the intervention group and the control group with 30 cases in each group by random number table method.The control group was provided with routine diagnosis and treatment guidance by doctors and nurses,and the patients in the intervention group were provided with whole process pharmaceutical service by professional tumor pharmacists based on the intervention theory of knowledge,attitude and practice.After two cycles of intervention,the two groups of patients were compared in terms of unsolved drug-related problems,KAP score level,emotional situation and satisfaction,and the situation of clinical pharma cists providing pharmaceutical service were analyzed.Results After two cycles of intervention,compared with the control group,the incidence of drug-related problems and per capita number of patients in the intervention group were significantly reduced,with statistical significance(P<0.01),while satisfaction was significantly increased,with statistical significance(P<0.01).KAP scores in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group in all dimensions except the behavioral dimension.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with before intervention,the anxiety and depression scores of patients in the intervention group were also significantly decreased,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion The whole process pharmaceutical service model based on the KAP intervention theory can reduce the drug-related problems that may occur in the treatment of cancer patients,relieve the tension and anxiety during the treatment process,and thus improve the compliance and satisfaction of patients.