口腔健康教育新模式在学龄期儿童中的应用

Application of new model of oral health education in school-age children

目的探讨口腔健康教育新模式对预防儿童龋齿、改善口腔卫生、增长家长健康知识的作用。方法选取2021年1—6月已纳入窝沟封闭项目学校200名二年级小学生作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为干预组与对照组,每组100名。干预组小学生采用口腔教育新模式干预,对照组小学生采用采取常规健康宣教干预。比较两组小学生的牙菌斑情况、患龋率、保持口腔健康行为、家长健康知识掌握情况。结果干预3个月,干预组小学生口腔卫生良好率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预3个月,干预组患龋率为46.00%,低于对照组的60.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预3个月,干预组小学生每天刷牙≥2次、使用含氟牙膏、掌握巴氏刷牙法、睡前刷牙后不进食、不吃过硬食物、每周摄入含糖食物/饮料<3次、餐后漱口、定期更换牙刷、不吃过冷/过热食物、均衡饮食正确率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预3个月,两组小学生家长的健康知识评分均高于干预前,且干预组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论口腔健康教育新模式干预行窝沟封闭诊疗的小学生及其家长可有效改善小学生口腔卫生状态,预防龋齿发生,对培养小学生良好刷牙习惯有积极作用,且可提高学生家长口腔健康知识的认知水平。

Objective To explore the effects of new model of oral health education on preventing the dental caries and improving the oral hy-giene status of children and increasing the health knowledge of parents.Methods 200 cases second-grade students included in the pit and fissure sealing project school from January and June 2021 were selected as the research subjects,and they were divided into the intervention group and the control group according to the random number table method,with 100 cases in each group.The intervention group adopted new model of oral educa-tion intervention,and the control group received regular health education intervention.The dental plaque situation,caries prevalence rate,maintain-ing oral health behaviors and health knowledge mastery of parents were compared between the two groups.Results After 3 months of intervention,the rate of good oral hygiene among primary school students in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After 3 months of intervention,the caries prevalence rate in the intervention group was 46.00%,which was lower than 60.00%in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After 3 months of intervention,the correct rates of brushing teeth≥twice a day,using fluoride toothpaste,mastering the Bass method,brushing teeth before bed without eating,not eating hard food,intake of sugary food/drinks<3 times a week,gargling mouth after meals,changing toothbrush regularly,not eating too cold/hot food and balanced diet of primary school students in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After 3 months of intervention,the health knowledge score of parents of the two groups of primary school students was higher than that before inter-vention,and the intervention group was higher than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion New model intervention of oral health education for primary school students and their parents undergoing diagnosis and treatment of pit and fissure seal-ing can effectively improve the oral hygiene status and prevent the occurrence of dental caries in primary school students,and has positive effect on cultivating good brushing habits of primary school students,and can enhance the cognition level of oral health knowledge of students'parents.