单侧双通道内镜技术的临床应用与展望

Clinical application and perspectives of unilateral biportal endoscopic technique

单侧双通道内镜(UBE)技术是近年来快速发展的一项脊柱微创技术。相较传统脊柱内镜技术,UBE突出的特点为可在脊柱同侧开两个通道,分别用于提供视野与置入操作器械,显著扩大了操作空间、降低了手术难度,具有出血少、创伤小、患者术后恢复快、疼痛轻等优点,且治疗腰椎管狭窄症、腰椎间盘突出症等腰椎退行性疾病具有独特优势。随着对UBE技术的不断深入探索与发展,该技术可治疗的疾病领域逐渐扩大,不再局限于腰椎疾病,在治疗颈椎及胸椎疾病方面也取得了较大进展,引起诸多脊柱外科学者的重视。UBE已经成为脊柱相关疾病具有前景的手术方式之一,但存在减压不全、神经根和硬脊膜损伤、硬膜外血肿等并发症,以及手术时间相对延长、操作疲劳等不足。本文总结UBE技术的临床应用进展,对其并发症和不足展开讨论,提出相关解决方案并展望未来可能的发展方向,以期为该技术的临床实践提供参考。

Unilateral biportal endoscopic(UBE)technique is a minimally invasive spinal technique developed rapidly in recent years.Compared with traditional spinal endoscopy,the prominent feature of UBE is that it can open two channels on the same side of the spine,which can be used to provide visual field and insert operating instruments respectively,greatly expanding the operating space and reducing the difficulty of surgery.It has the advantages of less bleeding,little injury,quick recovery and mild pain,and has unique advantages in the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis,lumbar disc herniation and other lumbar degenerative diseases.With the continuous in-depth exploration and development of the UBE technique,the field of diseases that can be treated by this technology has gradually expanded.It is not only limited to lumbar diseases,but also has made great progress in cervical and thoracic diseases,which has attracted the attention of many spinal surgeons.UBE technique has become one of the promising surgical methods for spinal-related diseases,but there are also complications such as incomplete decompression,nerve root and dural injury,epidural hematoma,relatively prolonged operation time,operation fatigue and other deficiencies.This paper summarizes the progress of the UBE technique,discusses its complications and deficiencies,proposes relevant solutions and possible future directions for its development,so as to provide reference for the clinical practice of UBE technique.