青蒿素及其衍生物抗急性髓系白血病作用的研究进展

Research progress on anti-acute myeloid leukemia effect of artemisinin and its derivatives

青蒿素及其衍生物是一类具有多种生物活性的天然药物,目前已发现其不仅具有显著的抗疟疾作用,还具有强大的抗急性髓系白血病(AML)作用。青蒿素及其衍生物通过促进活性氧(ROS)的生成、诱导细胞自噬、下调抗凋亡蛋白髓系白血病1(MCL-1)和B淋巴细胞瘤-2基因(BCL-2)、激活同源性磷酸酶-张力蛋白(PTEN)/蛋白激酶B(AKT)途径等多种方式发挥抗AML作用。AML是一种血液系统恶性肿瘤,具有高缓解率、易复发、预后差的特点。目前AML临床一线治疗方案已经数十年没有改变,急需找到一种新的治疗方案改善预后。本文就近些年青蒿素及其衍生物抗AML作用的研究进展做出综述,以期能为AML新的治疗方案提供思路和方向。

Artemisinin and its derivatives are a class of natural drugs with multiple biological activities,which have been found that it not only has a significant anti-malaria effect,but also has a strong anti-acute myeloid leukemia(AML)effect.Artemisinin and its derivatives can exert anti-AML effects by promoting the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS),inducing cellular autophagy,down-regulating the anti-apoptotic proteins myeloid leukemia 1(MCL-1)and B-cell lymphoma-2(BCL-2),and activating the phosphatase and tensin homolog(PTEN)/Protein Kinase B(AKT)pathway.AML is a malignant tumor of the hematological system,characterized by high remission rate,easy recurrence and poor prognosis.At present,the clinical first-line treatment of AML has not changed for decades.It is urgent to find a new treatment to improve the prognosis.In this paper,we review the progress of research on the anti-AML effects of artemisinin and its derivatives in recent years,in order to provide ideas and directions for new therapeutic options for AML.