车辆发动机管理系统线缆强电磁脉冲耦合与防护仿真研究

Research on cable strong electromagnetic pulse coupling and protection simulation of vehicle engine mangement system

强电磁脉冲可通过外部线缆耦合进入车辆发动机管理系统(EMS)内,造成发动机管理系统设备干扰甚至损伤,电磁防护组件可为车辆EMS防护设计提供支撑。以车辆EMS为研究对象,综合考虑EMS设备及其外部连接线缆,建立EMS设备电磁仿真模型,对不同长度线缆的端口耦合特性及EMS金属壳体表面感应电流进行了仿真研究。基于防护电路仿真,设计了一种应用于车辆EMS设备的电磁防护组件。仿真结果表明,该防护组件能将5 kV的电磁脉冲限制在最高峰值幅度为18 V以内,防护效能达到48 dB,将其加装于EMS线缆接口处可有效提高强电磁环境下的可靠性,对于车辆平台控制系统的电磁防护设计具有一定的参考意义。

Strong electromagnetic pulse can be coupled into vehicle engine management system(EMS)through external cables,causing interference and even damage to EMS equipment.Electromagnetic protection components can provide support for vehicle EMS protection design.This article takes vehicle EMS as the research object,comprehensively considers EMS equipment and its external connecting cables,establishes an electromagnetic simulation model of EMS equipment,and conducts simulation research on the port coupling characteristics of cables of different lengths and the induced current on the surface of EMS metal shell.Based on protective circuit simulation,an electromagnetic protection component applied to vehicle EMS equipment was designed.The simulation results show that the protection component can limit the 5 kV electromagnetic pulse to the maximum peak amplitude of 18 V,and the protection efficiency reaches 48 dB.Adding the protection component to the EMS cable interface can effectively improve the reliability in strong electromagnetic environment,which has certain reference significance for the electromagnetic protection design of the vehicle platform control system.