大豆和猪肉来源的高蛋白饮食对小鼠肥胖及肠道菌群的影响

Effects of Soybean and Pork High Protein Diets on Mice Obesity and Intestinal Microflora

肥胖是一种复杂的代谢性疾病,与肠道菌群有一定的联系。为分析大豆和猪肉来源的高蛋白饮食对小鼠肥胖的干预作用及对肠道菌群结构的影响,采用高脂膳食诱导构建C57BL/6J小鼠肥胖模型,随后将肥胖小鼠按体质量随机分为4组,高脂饮食(HF)组、普通恢复(NR)组、高大豆蛋白饮食(HSP)组和高猪肉蛋白饮食(HPP)组,进行为期12周的膳食干预,同时设置空白对照(NC)组,通过对炎症因子及脂肪结构等指标的检测,分析大豆和猪肉来源的高蛋白饮食对肥胖小鼠的干预作用;同时,取盲肠内容物通过16S rRNA高通量测序技术分析各组小鼠肠道菌群的差异性。与NR组相比,HSP组及HPP组小鼠体质量和血清脂多糖水平、肿瘤坏死因子α质量浓度均有不同程度的下降;同时,肝脏苏木精-伊红染色和油红O染色结果显示,HSP组和HPP组小鼠肝脏脂肪沉积明显减轻(P<0.05)。高脂饮食和高蛋白饮食显著降低了小鼠肠道菌群物种丰富度及进化关系的多样性,而对物种多样性与均匀度无显著影响(P>0.05)。高蛋白饮食改善了小鼠的肥胖,并改变了肥胖小鼠的肠道菌群结构。研究旨在为通过饮食干预调控肠道菌群预防和改善肥胖提供新的见解。

Obesity is a complex metabolic disease,which has a certain relationship with intestinal microflora.To evaluate the effect of high protein diet from soybean protein and pork protein on obese mice and its intestinal microflora structure,a C57BL/6J obesity mice model was firstly induced by high fat diet.Then obese mice were randomly divided into 4 groups according to body weight,high fat diet(HF)group,normal recovery(NR)group,high soy protein diet(HSP)group and high pork protein diet(HPP)group,and dietary intervention was taken by obese mice for 12 weeks.Besides,the blank control(NC)group was set.The intervention effects of high protein diet from soybean protein and pork protein on obese mice were analyzed through inflammatory factors and adipose micro-structure measurement.Cecal contents were collected to analyze the differences of intestinal microflora between each group by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology.Compared with NR group,the body weight,lipopolysaccharides level and TNF-αmass concentration in serum of mice in HSP and HPP groups were decreased in different degree.Meanwhile,liver HE staining and oil red O staining showed that liver fat deposition was significantly reduced in HSP and HPP groups(P<0.05).High fat diet and high protein diet significantly reduced the species richness and evolutionary diversity of intestinal microflora including evolutionary relationships,but there was no significant difference in species diversity and evenness(P>0.05).The high protein diet improved the obesity of mice and changed the intestinal microflora structure of obese mice.The results aimed to provide a new understanding for the intervention and improvement of obesity by regulating intestinal microflora through dietary.