热电薄膜尺寸对含Y型单元薄膜温差发电器输电性能的影响

Effect of thermoelectric film dimensions on the output performance of micro thermoelectric generator with Y-type units

基于热电效应,薄膜温差发电器(mTEG)可将人体热转化为电能,替代需频繁更换或充电的蓄电池,使可穿戴电子设备实现自供电。相比传统π型器件,含Y型热电单元的薄膜温差发电器具有更强的热回收能力,采用COMSOL Multiphysics多物理场仿真软件,研究在实际自然对流条件下热电薄膜尺寸对含Y型热电单元薄膜温差发电器输电性能的影响。结果表明:热电薄膜长度越大,mTEG产生的开路电压越小,内阻越小,而宽度对两者的影响则呈现几乎相反的趋势。负载电阻不同时,最大输出功率对应热电薄膜最佳宽度均为610μm;热电薄膜长度为1 800μm、负载电阻为1.1 kΩ时,存在最佳输出功率,为0.57 nW,相比原设计,输出功率提高了185%。

Based on the thermoelectric effect,micro thermoelectric generators(mTEG)can convert human body heat into electrical energy,serving as an alternative to batteries that require frequent replacement or charging,enabling wearable electronics to be self-powered.Micro thermoelectric generators with Y-type thermoelectric elements exhibit stronger heat recovery capabilities compared to traditionalπ-type structures.Using COMSOL Multiphysics multiphysics simulation software,this study investigates the impact of thermoelectric dimensions on the transmission performance of micro thermoelectric generators with Y-type thermoelectric elements under actual natural convection conditions.The results show that,as the length of the thermoelectric film increases,the open-circuit voltage and internal resistance of the mTEG decrease,while the width shows an almost opposite trend.For different load resistances,the optimal width of the thermoelectric film for maximum output power is consistently 610μm.When the length of the thermoelectric film is 1800μm and the load resistance is 1.1 kΩ,the optimal output power is achieved at 0.57 nW,representing a 185%increase compared to the original design.