基于AHP-熵权的装配式建筑全过程安全风险与应对策略研究

Research on Safety Risks and Countermeasures for the Whole Process of Prefabricated Buildings Based on AHP Entropy Weight

为有效提炼出装配式建筑全过程安全风险的关键风险因素,探究其可持续发展方向和路径,提出基于熵权法和层次分析法(AHP)相结合的装配式建筑全程安全风险测量方法,并选择6个一级指标和主要的21个二级指标,构建了装配式建筑全过程安全风险评价指标体系,计算出各一、二级指标的相对权重与综合权重,研究得出:技术风险对装配式建筑全过程安全影响最大,影响权重为0.2707,其次是设备与材料风险(0.1927),第三是管理风险(0.1889),人为因素风险(0.1477),环境风险(0.1078),影响最小的是外部因素风险(0.0924)。最后针对评价结果提出针对性应对策略。

In order to effectively extract the key risk factors of the whole process safety risks of prefabricated buildings,this paper explores the sustainable development direction and pathways,and proposes a whole process safety risk measurement method for prefabricated buildings based on the combination of entropy weight method and Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP).Six first-level indicators and 21 main second-level indicators are selected to construct a safety risk evaluation index system for the whole process of prefabricated buildings,and each indicator is calculated by both the relative weights and comprehensive weights.Research results indicate that technical risk has the greatest impact on the safety of the entire process of prefabricated buildings,with an impact weight of 0.2707,followed by equipment and material risk(0.1927),management risk(0.1889),human factor risk(0.1477),environmental risk(0.1078),and external factor risk(0.0924).Finally,targeted response strategies based on the evaluation results are proposed in this paper.