美日重塑印太地区秩序与日本的角色变化

U.S.-Japan Reshaping the Indo-Pacific Regional Order and Japan's Changing Role

为了应对中国崛起,特朗普执政以来美日联合重塑印太地区秩序的步伐加快。日本改变以往在地区和国际事务中“搭便车”的习惯,通过积极的“印太战略”外交,已经逐渐转变为美国重塑印太地区秩序进程中不可或缺的辅助者。特朗普政府时期,日本影响了美国“印太战略”的出台。拜登政府时期,日本弥补了美国国际领导力的不足。美日在联合重塑印太地区秩序中形成更加紧密的互补关系,美日主从关系地位已经发生一定程度的变化。日本角色转变的主要原因在于其试图以此留住美国,确保美国安全承诺的有效性,并在国际秩序变革中谋求有利的国际地位。美日在未来国际秩序走向、对华竞争手段等方面仍然存在分歧,但一系列强化同盟关系的举措只会让日本在面对中国崛起时更加依赖美国。

Since the Trump administration,the U.S.and Japan have joined forces to reshape the Indo-Pacific order in response to China’s rise.Japan has changed its previous practice of“free-riding”on regional and international affairs,and has gradually become an indispensable supporter of the U.S.in the process of reshaping the Indo-Pacific regional order through active diplomatic activities.During the Trump administration,Japan influenced the introduction of the U.S.Indo-Pacific strategy.During the Biden administration,Japan has made up for the lack of U.S.international leadership,and the U.S.and Japan have formed a closer and more complementary relationship in jointly reshaping the Indo-Pacific regional order.The active-passive status of U.S.-Japan relations has changed to some extent.The main reasons for this shift in Japan lie in attempts to keep the United States presence in Asia,ensuring the effectiveness of U.S.security commitments,and seeking a favorable international position in the changing international order.The U.S.and Japan remain divided on the future direction of the international order and the means of competition with China.A series of moves to strengthen the alliance will only make Japan more dependent on the United States in the face of China’s rise.