2021年我国西部两省会城市汉族居民肿瘤防治健康素养分析

Analysis of the health literacy of cancer prevention and treatment among Han residents in two provincial capitals of western China in 2021

目的比较我国西部两省会城市汉族居民肿瘤防治健康素养水平及其影响因素,为不同地区制订肿瘤防治策略提供依据。方法2021年在成都市和西宁市采用方便抽样方法比较,抽取无肿瘤史汉族居民进行肿瘤防治相关信息调查,采用χ^(2)检验比较匹配后两市居民肿瘤防治健康素养水平的差异,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果共调查无肿瘤史汉族居民592人(两市各296人)。成都汉族居民肿瘤健康素养水平56.8%,西宁为66.6%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.009,P=0.014)。成都汉族居民的外出就餐使用公筷意识为70.61%,西宁为80.07%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.128,P=0.008);成都汉族居民的少食过烫/腌制食品的预防意识为81.76%,西宁为92.23%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=14.347,P<0.001);成都汉族居民核实肿瘤防治知识真实性的意识为34.12%,西宁为45.61%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.145,P=0.004),成都居民低于西宁居民。女性(OR=3.304,95%CI:1.922~5.680)、18~39岁(OR=2.830,95%CI:1.428~5.610)、40~59岁(OR=2.305,95%CI:1.189~4.469)、体检包括防癌筛查(OR=7.033,95%CI:3.836~12.895)是成都居民肿瘤防治健康素养的保护因素;女性(OR=4.151,95%CI:2.269~7.594)、40~59岁(OR=3.197,95%CI:1.593~6.417)、高中/中专(OR=2.574,95%CI:1.068~6.201)、大专及以上(OR=4.429,95%CI:1.607~12.212)和体检包括防癌体检(OR=3.990,95%CI:1.731~9.197)是西宁居民肿瘤防治健康素养的保护因素。结论成都汉族居民肿瘤防治健康素养水平低于西宁;性别、年龄和防癌筛查体检是成都市汉族居民肿瘤防治健康素养的主要影响因素,性别、年龄、文化程度和防癌筛查体检是西宁市汉族居民的素养主要影响因素,两市肿瘤防治健康素养重点干预人群有所差异。

Objective To compare the health literacy level of cancer prevention and treatment and its influencing factors among Han residents in two provincial capitals of western China,and to provide basis for the development of cancer prevention and treatment strategies in different regions.Methods Han residents without tumor history were selected from Chengdu City and Xining City in 2021 by convenient sampling method to investigate the information related to cancer prevention and treatment,and the Chi-square test was used to compare the differences in the health literacy level of cancer prevention and treatment in the two cities after matching.P<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results A total of 592 Han residents without tumor history were investigated(296 people in each city).The health literacy level of cancer prevention and treatment of Han residents was 56.8%in Chengdu City,and 66.6%in Xining City,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=6.009,P=0.014).The awareness of using serving chopsticks among Han residents was 70.61%in Chengdu City and 80.07%in Xining City,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=7.128,P=0.008).The consciousness of eating less hot or pickled food among Han residents was 81.76%in Chengdu City,and 92.23%in Xining City,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=14.347,P<0.001).The awareness of verifying the authenticity of cancer prevention and treatment knowledge was 34.12%in Chengdu City,and 45.61%in Xining City,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=8.145,P=0.004).The awareness of residents in Chengdu City was lower than that of Xining City.Female(odds ratio OR=3.304,95%confidence interval CI:1.922-5.680),18-39 years old(OR=2.830,95%CI:1.428-5.610),40-59 years old(OR=2.305,95%CI:1.189-4.469),and physical examination including cancer prevention screening(OR=7.033,95%CI:3.836-12.895)were the protective factors of the health literacy of Chengdu residents in cancer prevention and treatment.Female(OR=4.151,95%CI:2.269-7.594),40-59 years old(OR=3.197,95%CI:1.593-6.417),high school/technical secondary school(OR=2.574,95%CI:1.068-6.201),college degree or above(OR=4.429,95%CI:1.607-12.212)and physical examination including cancer screening(OR=3.990,95%CI:1.731-9.197)were protective factors of the health literacy of Xining residents in cancer prevention and treatment.Conclusions The health literacy level of cancer prevention and treatment of Han residents in Chengdu City was lower than that of in Xining City.Gender,age,and cancer prevention screening were the main influencing factors of the health literacy of cancer prevention and treatment of Han residents in Chengdu City,and gender,age,education level and cancer prevention screening were the main influencing factors of the health literacy of cancer prevention and treatment of Han residents in Xining City.There are differences in the key intervention groups of health literacy of cancer prevention and treatment in the two cities.