异质性产学研协同创新对地区全要素生产率的非对称效应

The Asymmetric Effect of Heterogeneous Industry-University-Institute Collaborative Innovation on Regional Total Factor Productivity

运用信息熵测算我国30个省份产学研三边及产学、产研和学研双边协同创新水平,从全要素生产率水平及其增长率两方面检验各协同创新模式对地区全要素生产率的影响,并以技术进步和技术效率分析主要影响渠道。结果显示,研究期内,异质性产学研协同创新对地区全要素生产率的影响存在模式不对称和区域不对称。模式不对称体现在产学研三边协同创新对全要素生产率有递减的抑制作用、产学和学研双边协同创新对全要素生产率有递增的促进作用、产研协同创新的影响不显著;影响渠道上,产学研协同创新主要源于对技术进步的影响、产学协同创新既能推动技术进步又能改善技术效率、学研协同创新仅依赖于改善技术效率、产研协同创新对两条渠道的贡献均不显著;区域不对称表现在产学和学研两种协同创新的促进作用仅在中西部地区显著且依赖技术效率改善;将被解释变量滞后一期检验发现仅学研协同创新能通过推动技术进步为地区全要素生产率提升提供长久动力,该结论在中西部地区也成立。为此,各地应结合不同产学研协同创新模式对地区发展影响的差异,探索形成具有地方特色的产学研协同创新体系。

In this paper,the information entropy is used to measure the collaborative innovation levels of industryuniversity-institute trilateral and industry-university,industry-institute,and university-institute bilateral collaborative innovation in 30 provinces and cities of our country.This paper also examines the impact of collaborative innovation models on regional total factor productivity in terms of total factor productivity levels and their growth rates,and analyzes the main channels of impact through technological progress and technological efficiency.The results show that during the study period,the impact of heterogeneous industry-university-institute collaborative innovation on regional total factor productivity has pattern asymmetry and regional asymmetry.The pattern asymmetry is reflected in the fact that the trilateral collaborative innovation of industry,university and institute has a decreasing total factor productivity effect,while the bilateral collaborative innovation of industry-university and the bilateral collaborative innovation university-institute has an increasing total factor productivity effect,the effect of collaborative innovation is not significant,and the effect of bilateral collaborative innovation impact of university-institute is not significant.In terms of influence channels,the impact of the trilateral collaborative innovation on total factor productivity is mainly due to its impact on technological progress.Industry-university collaborative innovation can both promote technological progress and improve technological efficiency.University-institute collaborative innovation only relies on improving technical efficiency.The contribution of industry-institute collaborative innovation to the two channels are all not significant.The regional asymmetry is shown in that the promotion of bilateral collaborative innovation of industry-university and university-institute are only significant in the central and western regions and depends on the improvement of technological efficiency.In addition,this paper also examines the explanatory variables with a lag of one period,and finds that only collaborative innovation among university and institute can provide long-term impetus for improving regional total factor productivity.And this conclusion is also true in the central and western regions.Therefore,it is necessary to combine the different effects of each industry-university-institute cooperative innovation mode on regional development,and explore the formation of a system of industry-university-institute cooperative innovation with local characteristics.