基于OECD规则试验报告的轮式拖拉机牵引性能研究

Tractive Performance of Wheeled Tractor Based on OECD Code Test Reports

拖拉机是农机工业的核心,牵引性能是拖拉机的重要性能之一。对OECD规则试验报告牵引性能研究分析表明,四轮驱动、无配重状态下,85.1%的拖拉机最大牵引力比值>400 N/kW、86.5%的拖拉机最大牵引功率百分比>75%、最大牵引比油耗平均值274.59 g/(kW·h)。重型拖拉机牵引性能优于大型拖拉机,也优于中型拖拉机。94.6%的拖拉机最小使用比质量>44 kg/kW、最小使用比质量50~55 kg/kW是发挥拖拉机牵引性能最优区间。不同换挡方式影响拖拉机牵引性能,无级变速传动拖拉机最大牵引力比值更大,动力换挡传动拖拉机最大牵引比油耗更低,二者牵引性能均优于机械传动式拖拉机。

Tractor is core of agricultural machinery industry,and tractive performance is one of important performance of tractor.Through research on tractive performance of OECD code test reports,it was shown that,under four-wheel drive and no counterweight conditions,85.1%of tractors have a maximum traction ratio greater than 400 N/kW,86.5%of tractors have a maximum traction power percentage greater than 75%,and average maximum traction ratio fuel consumption was 274.59 g/(kW·h).Heavy tractors have better traction performance than large tractors and also better than medium-sized tractors.94.6%of tractors have a minimum usage specific mass greater than 44 kg/kW,and a minimum usage specific mass of 50 kg/kW to 55 kg/kW was optimal range for maximizing tractor traction performance.Different gear shifting methods affected traction performance of tractors.The maximum traction ratio of continuously variable transmission tractors was greater,and the maximum traction ratio fuel consumption of power shift transmission tractors was lower.Both traction performance was better than mechanical transmission tractors.