更年期女性人工流产术后避孕方式选择及影响因素分析

Analysis of contraceptive choice and influencing factors after induced abortion in climacteric women

目的探讨更年期女性人工流产术后避孕方式选择及影响因素。方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2021年12月于上饶卫生学校附属医院接受人工流产术的100例更年期女性的临床资料,将放置宫内节育环或接受皮下埋植的女性纳入长效可逆避孕方法(LARC)组,将使用避孕套、避孕药等短效避孕措施的女性纳入对照组,统计各避孕方式的使用情况,单因素及Logistic回归分析影响更年期女性人工流产术后避孕方式的独立危险因素。结果LARC使用率低于短效避孕方法,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组职业、户口所在地、婚姻状况比较差异无统计学意义;LARC组年龄<50岁、了解LARC相关知识、文化程度高中及以上、人流次数≥1次、有剖宫产史、家庭年收入<5万、现有孩数≥2个、高危人流占比均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。年龄、LARC相关知识、文化程度、人流次数、剖宫产史、家庭年收入、现有孩数、高危人流是影响更年期女性人工流产术后避孕方式的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论接受人工流产术的更年期女性中选择LARC的相对较少,年龄<50岁、了解LARC相关知识、文化程度高中及以上、人流次数≥1次、有剖宫产史、家庭年收入<5万、现有孩数≥2个、高危人流的女性更倾向于选择LARC。

Objective To explore the contraceptive choice and influencing factors after induced abortion in climacteric women.Methods The clinical data of 100 climacteric women who underwent artificial abortion in the Affiliated Hospital of Shangrao Health School from January 2015 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.The women who placed intrauterine device or received subcutaneous implantation were included in the long-acting reversible contraceptive(LARC)group,and the women who used condoms,contraceptives and other short-acting contraceptive measures were included in the control group.The use of contraceptive methods was counted,and the independent risk factors affecting the contraceptive methods of menopausal women after artificial abortion were analyzed by univariate and Logistic regression analysis.Results The utilization rate of LARC was significantly lower than that of short-acting contraception,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in occupation,residence location and marital status between the two groups;the proportion of women with age<50 years old,knowledge of LARC,high school education or above,number of abortions≥1 times,history of cesarean section,annual household income<50000,number of existing children≥2,and high-risk abortion in the LARC group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Age,LARC related knowledge,education level,number of abortions,history of cesarean section,annual household income,number of existing children,and high-risk abortion were independent risk factors affecting contraceptive methods after artificial abortion in menopausal women(P<0.05).Conclusion Among the climacteric women who received artificial abortion,relatively few chose LARC,women with age<50 years old,knowledge of LARC,high school education or above,number of abortions≥1 times,history of cesarean section,annual family income<50000,number of existing children≥2,and high-risk abortion were more likely to choose LARC.