究竟有没有绝对真理?——对马克思主义经典作家真理观的再考察

Is There any Absolute Truth at All?——Revisiting the Concept of Truth of Classical Marxist Writers

绝对真理的问题,不是脱离了社会历史的人直观或理念化外在于自己的世界的问题,而是关乎认识世界、洞察时代进而改变世界、引领时代的问题。绝对真理不是永恒不变的终极真理,而是处于无限发展过程中的体现思维至上性的正确性认识,它是“这样或那样地”被承认的客观真理,是对于客观真理能否完全表现客观实在的确证,同时表征着人的思维把握世界的现实性能力。从人类社会的特定历史阶段看,每一个真理都具有绝对性与相对性双重属性,只要是真理,在特定的时间和空间不变的情况下,它就是绝对真理,而在时间和空间改变的情况下,它就是相对真理。从人类社会整体的历史进程看,绝对真理由相对真理构成,是无数相对真理的总和,相对真理是绝对真理发展进程中的特定存在状态。相信绝对真理意味着相信人的思维的至上性以及思维的现实力量,相信人能够在实践中认识世界并不断改变世界。离开对世界的改变,就没有探讨绝对真理的价值,也正是服务于在认识世界的基础上改变世界,绝对真理才需要被确认,才因此而存在。

ed from society and history.Rather,it is a matter of interpreting the world and the era in the point of initiating changes.Absolute truth is not the eternal and ultimate truth but the real knowledge reflecting the sovereignty of thought as an ongoing developmental process.It is the recognition of objective truth in a certain way.It not only examines whether objective truth can fully represent objective reality but also symbolizes the ability of human thought to grasp the reality of the world.From a particular historical stage of human society,every piece of truth possesses the dual attributes of absoluteness and relativity.As long as it is truth,it is absolute truth in a given condition of unchanging time and space,while it is relative truth in a condition of changing time and space.From the whole historical process of human society,absolute truth is the collection of countless relative truths and relative truth is a particular state of the developing absolute truth.Believing in absolute truth implies faith in the sovereignty of human thought and the practical power of thinking.It signifies the belief that human beings,through practice,can finally interpret the world and constantly change it.The ultimate goal of exploring absolute truth lies in changing the world on the basis of interpreting it.