哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)信号通路与调节性T细胞营养代谢调控机制研究进展

Research progress on mTOR signaling pathway and regulatory T cell nutrition metabolic regulation mechanism

肿瘤微环境中发生的代谢重编程会影响T细胞的代谢特征,诱导免疫抑制促进肿瘤免疫逃逸。哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)信号通路在调控各种免疫细胞的不同功能方面发挥着重要作用。本文主要回顾了mTOR信号调节细胞能量代谢进程的分子机制,以及不同营养环境下mTOR信号的活化状态。此外,还总结了目前研究中mTOR信号在调节性T细胞(Treg)代谢和功能过程中的作用,评估了mTOR作为临床免疫治疗靶点的潜力和目前应用的挑战性。

In the tumor microenvironment,metabolic reprogramming can impact metabolic characteristics of T cells,thus inducing immunosuppression to promote tumor immune escape.The mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)signaling pathway plays an important role in regulating diverse functions of various immune cells.This review mainly focuses on the molecular mechanism of mTOR signaling in regulating cellular energy metabolism process,and the activation status of mTOR signaling under different nutritional environments.In addition,it also summarizes the role of the mTOR signaling in regulatory T cell(Tregs)metabolism and function in current studies,and evaluates the potential of mTOR as a clinical immunotherapeutic target and its current application challenges.