基于自然杀伤(NK)细胞的肝癌免疫疗法研究进展

Research progress on immunotherapy based on NK cells for hepatocellular carcinoma

肝细胞肝癌(HCC)异质性高,晚期诊断和化疗耐药使其成为我国难治性肿瘤之一。自然杀伤(NK)细胞在机体的免疫监视过程中充当重要角色。但在肝癌的进展过程中,NK细胞的功能受损致肿瘤免疫逃逸。该文总结了HCC中基于NK细胞的不同免疫治疗策略,包括直接输注过继性NK细胞免疫疗法、基因工程NK细胞免疫疗法、靶向NK细胞受体免疫疗法、改变免疫抑制微环境免疫疗法、细胞因子增强NK细胞肿瘤毒性免疫疗法以及中医药增强NK细胞肿瘤毒性免疫疗法,这些基于NK细胞的免疫治疗策略已显示出巨大的治疗潜力。

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is well characterized as a heterogeneous disease.Its late-stage diagnosis and chemotherapy resistance make it one of the refractory tumors in China.Natural killer(NK)cells play a significant role in immune surveillance.However,NK cells become dysfunctional in the progression of HCC,leading to tumor immune escape.This article reviews the recent progress on different strategies of NK cell-based immunotherapy in treating HCC,including direct adoptive NK cell transfer,gene engineering in NK cell,NK cell receptor targeting,immunosuppressive microenvironment modification,and tumor toxicity enhancement by cytokines or traditional Chinese medicine.These NK cell-based strategies have shown promising therapeutic potential.