从心、物关系看庄子“游”范畴的美学意蕴

The Aesthetic Implication of Chuang Tzu′g"You"Category from the Relationship Between Mind and Matter

庄子之“游”,在心对物的超越中展开,涵盖自然、自由的关系,贯通庄子的言意观、形神观、色彩观与时空观。庄子认为,人心普遍受缚于物欲,“乘物游心”,是人经过艰苦的心智操练,挣脱物对心的束缚,顺应并驾驭自然规律而实现的自由;“游心于淡”,建立在“不与物交”的超然态度上,蕴含不落言筌、遗貌取神、不贵五彩等美学观念;“逍遥游”,在物理时空的层层突破及心理时空的无限拓延中步入审美境界。

The category"you"of Chuang Tzu is carried out in the transcendence of"mind"over"matter",which included the relationship between nature and freedom,and reflect his views on language and meaning,form and spirit,color,as well as time and space.Chuang Tzu believed that the human mind is overall bound by material desires,"Riding on matter and swimming in mind"is the freedom unchained by conforming and mastering the laws of nature through hard mental training and breaking the restriction of matter on the mind."Swiming heart in light",founded on the detached attitude of"not to communicate with things",contains the aesthetic concepts of"not falling into the material attributes of language","forgetting appearance while pursuing spirit",and"not taking colorful as precious".Peripateticism,achieves the aesthetic realm through the breakthrough of physical time and space at all levels and the infinite extension of psychological space and time.