唐前“感物”“物感”用例释义

Interpretation of the Use Cases of"Ganwu"and"Wugan"Before the Tang Dynasty

唐前“感物”“物感”之“感”以感发、感动、感召、感应为主,兼指感知;“物”以外物、万物、景物、时物为主,兼指事物、言辞;“感”“物”方式以人感于物、人感动物为主,兼指物感应物、人感知物;“感物”所生心理反应以情、志为主,兼指思索。具体而言,先秦用例多指人感于物,受“性静情动”观影响,完全否认其必要性。两汉“天人”思想兴盛,“感物”多指人感动物,“物感”出现物感应物内涵。魏晋南北朝,文人生命、时间意识觉醒,“感”“物”内涵复以人感于物为主,外物、情感、文辞结合,与文学关系更加密切。立足此期用例,可将“感物说”视为以相应文艺形式表现创作主体受现实之物感召而兴发的感情及相关心理反应的文艺理论。

Before the Tang Dynasty,the meaning of"Gan"in"Ganwu"and"Wugan"mainly included move,inspire,impel and communicate,and also included perceive;"Wu"mainly contained external objects,everything on earth,scenery and something specific,and concurrently contained things and words.The ways of"Gan"and"Wu"mainly referred to people being impressed by things and things being moved by the people.It also referred to things inducing things and people perceiving things.The psychological reaction of"Ganwu"was mainly related to emotion and will,and also contained thinking.Specifically,the relevant examples in the Pre-Qin Period about"Ganwu"and"Wugan"mainly involved people being impressed by things.However,affected by the concept of"temperament is quiet,while emotion is touched",the necessity of the theory of people being impressed by things was completely denied.In the background of the thought of"the nature and human"flourishing in the Han Dynasty,and"Ganwu"mostly involved things being moved by the people.And the connotation of"Wugan"related to things inducing things appeared at the same time.In the Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties,the literati′s consciousness of life and time awakened,so the basic meaning of"Gan"and"Wu"about people being impressed by things reappeared,which combined external objects,emotions,and words,and also had a closer relationship with literature.Based on these cases of this period,the theory of"Ganwu"could be regarded as a literary theory that expressed the feelings and related psychological reactions of the subject of literary creation inspired by the real things in corresponding literary forms.