4个柞蚕品种蚁蚕耐饥饿能力的比较

Comparison of Starvation Tolerance Among Newly⁃Hatched Larvae of Four Antheraea pernyi Varieties

饥饿是影响柞蚕生长发育、防病害能力和繁殖习性的重要因子。为探索柞蚕的耐饥饿能力,以柞蚕品种辽蚕527、9906、抗大和吉青为试验材料,对蚁蚕采取低温(6℃)饥饿的方法进行耐饥饿能力测试。结果表明,辽蚕527蚁蚕耐饥饿能力最强,其次是吉青,耐饥饿能力最差的品种是9906和抗大;辽蚕527蚁蚕耐饥饿平均时长为10.26 d,总时长达18 d,分别比抗大长1.93 d、6 d;辽蚕527蚁蚕平均饥饿死亡率为9.51%,比抗大低3.59百分点,差异达显著水平;辽蚕527蚁蚕饥饿死亡率最高峰出现的时间最晚(第10天),分别比吉青、抗大和9906晚1 d、2 d和3 d,并且最高峰的死亡率也最低;辽蚕527蚁蚕的LT_(50)和LT_(95)分别为9.22 d和15.43 d,均极显著长于其他3个品种;同时,相关分析表明柞蚕蚁蚕的耐饥饿能力与卵重无关。综上表明,辽蚕527蚁蚕具有较强的耐饥饿能力,可通过低温饥饿手段筛选耐饥饿能力强的蚁蚕个体,为抗逆品种的选育奠定基础。

Starvation is an important factor affecting the growth and development,disease prevention ability and repro⁃ductive habits of Antheraea pernyi.In order to explore the starvation tolerance of tussah,tussah varieties Liaocan 527,9906,Kangda and Jiqing were used as experimental materials to test the starvation tolerance of newly⁃hatched larvae at low temperature(6℃).The results showed that Liaocan 527 had the strongest starvation tolerance,followed by Jiqing,and the varieties with the worst starvation tolerance were 9906 and Kangda.The average duration and total duration of starvation tolerance of Liaocan 527 were 1026 d and 18 d,which were 193 d and 6 d longer than Kangda respectively.The average starvation mortality of Liaocan 527 was 951%,which was 359 percentage points lower than that of Kang⁃da at a significance level.The highest starvation mortality of Liaocan 527 appeared the latest(the 10th day),which was 1 d,2 d and 3 d later than Jiqing,Kangda and 9906,respectively,and the peak death rate was also the lowest.The LT_(50) and LT_(95) of Liaocan 527 were 922 d and 1543 d,respectively,which were significantly longer than those of the other three varieties.The results also showed that the starvation resistance of the newly⁃hatched larvae was not related to the egg weight.Our results showed that the newly⁃hatched larvaes of Liaocan 527 had the strongest starvation tolerance among the four varieties.It is possible to screen out the newly⁃hatched larvae with strong starva⁃tion resistance through low⁃temperature starvation,which provides a basis for the selection and breeding of stress resistant varieties.