论地方性知识、群体性知识和原地方性知识

On local knowledge,collective knowledge,and original local knowledge

知识在内容上涉及人与自然、人际和人己三大关系,大致相应于普适性、地方性和个人知识,三种知识相互渗透。地方性知识实为群体性知识。知识因认识过程而异。原地方性知识是一种特殊的知识,不是本体论和认识论意义上的知识。原地方性知识因其边界条件和初始条件而具有特定的时空观:在空间上规训个人知识和群体性知识,大多数情况下难以接受普适性知识;在时间上,原地方性知识因其“原”的属性而难以改变,延续动物世界的弱肉强食以及伴随人作为“类”的终生。这是事实判断,而非价值判断或逻辑判断。由知识论探讨原地方性知识,既丰富知识论的研究领域,也为研究“地方(群体)”的分殊提供新的视角。

Knowledge involves three major relationships in content:between humans and nature,between individuals,and between individuals and themselves.They correspond roughly to universality,locality,and personal knowledge which permeate one another.Local knowledge is essentially collective knowledge.Knowledge varies due to the process of cognition.Original local knowledge is a special type of knowledge rather than that in the ontological and epistemological sense.It has specific spatiotemporal concepts due to its boundary conditions and initial conditions:spatially,it governs individual and collective knowledge,and in most cases it is difficult to accept universal knowledge;temporally,it is hard to change due to its“original”nature but continues the law of the jungle in the animal world and accompanies humans as a“species”throughout their lives.This is a statement of fact,not a value judgment of good or bad,nor a logical judgment that can be inferred.Exploring original local knowledge from this perspective not only enriches the research field of epistemology but also provides a new viewpoint for studying the disparity of“places(groups)”.