碗米坡水电站生态流量的计算与分析

Calculation and Analysis of the Ecological Flow of Wanmipo Hydropower Station

为做好已建水利水电工程生态流量核定工作,本研究采用Tennant法、Q_(p)法和7Q10法三种水文学方法计算碗米坡水电站坝址断面的生态流量,计算成果分别为29.40m^(3)/s、25.80m^(3)/s(25.06m^(3)/s)和25.20m^(3)/s。研究表明酉水属于丰枯变化剧烈的山溪性河流,河道径流季节变异相对较大,Tennant法计算生态流量成果较Q_(p)法及7Q10法偏大。上游水利工程运行调节进一步加大了枯水期河道内径流变异程度,宜采用Q_(p)法核定碗米坡水电站生态流量。同时强化流域水资源统一调度管理,提高水利工程生态流量保障程度。

In order to properly determine the ecological flow of existing water conservancy and hydropower projects,this paper uses three hydrological methods-the Tennant method,the Q_(p)method,and the 7Q10 method-to calculate the ecological flow at the dam site section of Wanmipo Hydropower Station.The calculated results are 29.40m^(3)/s,25.80m^(3)/s(25.06m^(3)/s),and 25.20m^(3)/s,respectively.The paper shows that the Youshui River is a mountain stream-type river with significant variations between abundant and low water periods,and the seasonal variation of river runoff is relatively large.The ecological flow calculated by the Tennant method is larger compared to the Q_(p)method and the 7Q10 method.The operation regulation of upstream water conservancy projects further increases the variation of river runoff during low water periods.It is appropriate to use the Q_(p)method to determine the ecological flow of Wanmipo Hydropower Station.At the same time,it is necessary to strengthen the unified management of water resources in the basin and improve the guarantee of ecological flow in water conservancy projects.