基于信息-动机-行为技能模型的护理干预在超重/肥胖育龄期妇女孕前保健中的应用效果

The application effect of nursing interventions based on information motivation behavioral skills model in prenatal health care for overweight/obese women of reproductive age

目的探讨基于信息-动机-行为技能(IMB)模型的护理干预在超重/肥胖育龄期妇女孕前保健中的应用效果。方法选取在本院婚育综合服务中心行孕前常规体检的92名超重/肥胖育龄期妇女为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为两组,各46名。对照组采用常规护理,试验组采用基于IMB模型的护理干预。对比两组干预前后的外周血生物标志物水平、负性情绪、自我护理能力和生存质量。结果43名对照组和44名试验组的研究对象坚持了3个月的护理干预模式。干预后,试验组的血糖水平、胰岛素水平、胰岛素抵抗指数、总三酰甘油、总胆固醇、体质量指数、体脂率、焦虑自评量表评分和抑郁自评量表评分均低于干预前,且试验组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,试验组的自我护理能力量表各维度和生存质量测定量表各维度得分均高于干预前,且试验组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论经过IMB模型的护理干预后,孕前超重/肥胖妇女的外周血生物标志物水平明显改善,自我护理能力和生存质量显著提高,表明IMB模型可有效改变研究对象的身心健康,值得在临床进一步推广与应用。

Objective To explore the application effect of nursing interventions based on the information motivation behavioral skills(IMB)model in prenatal health care for overweight/obese women of childbearing age.Methods 92 overweight/obese women of childbearing age who underwent routine pre pregnancy physical examinations at the Marriage and Childbearing Comprehensive Service Center of our hospital were selected as the research subjects.They were randomly divided into two groups,with 46 women in each group,using a random number table method.The control group received routine care,while the experimental group received nursing interventions based on the IMB model,Compare the levels of peripheral blood biomarkers,negative emotions,self-care ability,and quality of life between two groups before and after intervention.Results As a result,43 control group and 44 experimental group participants adhered to a 3-month nursing intervention model.After intervention,the blood glucose,insulin levels,insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR),total triglycerides,total cholesterol,BMI,body fat rate,self rating anxiety scale score,and self rating depression scale score of the experimental group were all lower than before intervention,and the experimental group was lower than the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of self-care ability scale and quality of life measurement scale in the experimental group were higher than before intervention,and the experimental group was higher than the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion After nursing intervention with the IMB model,the peripheral blood biomarker levels of overweight/obese women before pregnancy were significantly improved,and their self-care ability and quality of life were significantly improved.This indicates that the IMB model can effectively change the physical and mental health of the study subjects,and is worthy of further promotion and application in clinical practice.