共有网络平台账号的分割与价值评估——以黄某与陈某同居关系析产纠纷为例

Division and valuation of co-owned account in network platform:A case study of the property dispute of Huang and Chen’s cohabitation

网络平台账号不仅包含用户名和密码的数字组合,也包含了各种数据、人身利益和财产利益。网络平台账号基于网络平台与用户签订服务合同而产生;用户通过账号和密码对网络平台账号进行排他使用,并通过粉丝打赏和直播带货等方式获得收益。网络平台账号内发布的内容多是用户创作的作品,属于智力成果;账号内的粉丝对于用户具有依赖性。因此,作为虚拟财产的共有网络平台账号与网络游戏装备、加密虚拟货币等虚拟财产不同,其法律属性是一种新型权利,除具有物权、债权、知识产权的权利属性外,还具有人格属性。多人共有的网络平台账号具有分割的可能性。对于具有人格属性的共有网络平台账号,当注册者与运营者不同时,分割应以保留网络平台账号的最大价值为原则,考虑粉丝群体的情感投入和网络平台账号继续经营问题,将网络平台账号分割给实际运营者,并对注册者予以价值补偿。网络平台账号的价值构成要素应包括账号的创建成本、运营成本、粉丝打赏收入、直播带货收入以及广告运营收入等。对网络平台账号的价值评估可以采用成本法、市场法和收益法的有机结合,同时可以吸收网络平台规则,采用大数据等技术手段确保评估结果的相对准确性。司法鉴定机构可以联合网络平台构建虚拟财产价值评估体系,充分参考网络平台的价值评估意见,以确保司法裁判的准确性和公正性。

Network platform accounts contain not only combination of user name and password,but also various data,personal and property interests.Network platform accounts are generated based on the service contracts signed between the platform and users.Users exclusively use the accounts through usernames and passwords and earn profits through methods such as fan rewards and live streaming sales.The contents posted on network platforms are the works created by the users and shall be deemed as intellectual achievements.The fans in the account are dependent on the user.Therefore,as a form of virtual property,shared network platform accounts are different from the virtual property such as online game equipment and cryptographic virtual currency.Their legal attribute is a new type of right,which has not only the attribute of property right,creditor’s right and intellectual property right,but also the attribute of personality.Shared network platform accounts have the possibility of division.For shared network platform accounts with personality attributes,if the registrant is different from the operator,the division shall be based on the principle of retaining the maximum value of the account on the network platform,considering the emotional investment of fans and the continuous operation of the account on the network platform.The network platform account shall be divided to the actual operator and should provide value compensation to the registrant.The elements constituting the value of an account on a network platform shall include the account creation cost,operation cost,income from fans’tips,income from live streaming sales,income from advertising operations,etc.The combination of the cost approach,market approach and income approach can be adopted in evaluating the value of an account on a network platform.In the meantime,they may absorb the rules of network platforms,and use big data and other technical means to ensure the relative accuracy of the appraisal results.The forensic expertise agencies may work with network platforms to develop a virtual property value appraisal system,and take into full account the value appraisal opinions of network platforms to ensure the accuracy and impartiality of judicial decisions.