高速电主轴热误差补偿及结构优化研究进展

Research Progress on Thermal Error Compensation and Structural Optimization of High-Speed Motorized Spindle

电主轴热位移控制是解决加工过程中关键问题之一。控制电主轴热位移,提高加工精度和表面质量。常用方法之一是通过冷却系统来降低电主轴温度,内部或外部引入冷却介质如水或油。优化冷却系统设计和控制策略,可进一步提高热位移控制效果。另一方法是通过热补偿控制电主轴热位移。安装温度传感器,并与预先建立的热补偿模型结合,实时进行补偿调整工具或工件位置,以实现高精度加工。同时,选择热稳定性较好材料是另一种控制热位移的策略,它们具有低热膨胀系数和高热导率,可减少热变形引起的位移效应。综上所述,电主轴热位移控制综合考虑冷却系统、热补偿和材料等因素,合理应用这些方法可有效降低电主轴的热位移,提高加工精度和表面质量。

Thermal displacement control of motorized spindles is one of the key problems in the machining process.Control thermal displacement of the motorized spindle to improve machining accuracy and surface quality.One of the common methods is to reduce the temperature of the motorized spindle by the cooling system and introduce a cooling medium such as water or oil inside or outside.Optimizing the design and control strategy of the cooling system can further improve the control effect of thermal displacement.Another method is to control the thermal displacement of the motorized spindle through thermal compensation.The temperature sensor is installed and combined with the pre-established thermal compensation model to compensate and adjust the position of the tool or workpiece in real time to realize high-precision machining.At the same time,choosing materials with good thermal stability is another strategy to control thermal displacement.They have a low thermal expansion coefficient and high thermal conductivity,which can reduce the displacement effect caused by thermal deformation.To sum up,the thermal displacement control of motorized spindles comprehensively considers the cooling system,thermal compensation,and materials,and reasonable application of these methods can effectively reduce the thermal displacement of motorized spindles and improve the machining accuracy and surface quality.