UPLC法测定西洋参不同部位中皂苷类成分及质量评价研究

Content Analysis and Quality Evaluation of Saponins in Different Parts of American Ginseng by HPLC Method

本文旨在建立超高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器(UPLC-PDA)法同时测定山东西洋参中16种皂苷类成分的方法,并对山东省威海市5个地区11批西洋参芦头、主根、侧根和须根不同部位的皂苷含量进行测定,以期为山东西洋参质量控制与评价提供科学依据。采用Acquity UPLC BEH C_(18)柱(2.1 mm×50 mm,1.7μm),流动相为水-乙腈,梯度洗脱,流速0.4 mL/min,柱温为30℃,进样量为2μL,PDA检测器,检测波长为203 nm。16种皂苷在0.05~1.00 mg/mL范围内线性良好,相关系数均大于0.999 1,加标回收率为92.45%~103.24%,RSD为0.31%~4.60%,灵敏度、准确度及精密度均符合要求。山东省威海地区西洋参芦头、主根、侧根和须根部位皂苷含量分别为(42.69±7.01) mg/g、(32.63±4.71) mg/g、(30.80±5.15) mg/g和(37.55±5.23) mg/g。通过主成分分析及正交偏最小二乘法分析,初步筛选出人参皂苷Re、Rc、Rb_(1)、Rb_(3)和Rb_(2)作为西洋参不同部位鉴别的潜在质量标志物。本研究建立的方法可用于西洋参皂苷含量测定及不同部位的区分,对西洋参质量进行初步评价。

The study established an UPLC-PDA method for the simultaneous determination of 16 ginsenosides in American ginseng(Panax quinquefolium L.).The content of insenosides in different parts of the reed head,tap root,lateral root and fibrous root of 11 batches of American ginseng in 5 regions of Weihai city,Shandong Province was determined.In order to provide scientific basis for quality control and quality evaluation of American ginseng.Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column(2.1 mm 50 mm,1.7 m)was used as chromatographic column.Sixteen target compounds were eluted with acetonitrile and water at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min.The column temperature was 30℃,and the injection volume was 2 L and the detection wavelength was 203 nm.The 16 ginsenosides have good linearity in the range of 0.05~1.00 mg/mL,the correlation coefficients are all greater than 0.9991,the spike recovery was 92.45%~103.24%,the RSD was 0.31%~4.60%,and the sensitivity,accuracy and precision meet the requirements.The content of ginsenosids in the reed head,main root,lateral root and fibrous root of American ginseng in Weihai of Shandong Province were(42.69±7.01)mg/g,(32.63±4.71)mg/g,(30.80±5.15)mg/g and(37.55±5.23)mg/g,respectively.Principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares analysis initially screened ginsenosides Re,Rc,Rb_(1),Rb_(3),Rh_(2)as potential quality markers for the identification of different parts of American ginseng.This study established method can be used to determine the content of ginsenosid in American ginseng and distinguish different parts,and to make a preliminary evaluation of the quality of American ginseng.