中美比较视域下的住院医师手术培训制度研究——以眼科为例

Comparison of resident surgical teaching systems between China and the United States:using ophthalmology as an example

医学教育应当成为实现健康中国美好蓝图的一条重要途径,培养具有良好治疗能力,特别是手术能力的住院医师尤为重要。以眼科住院医师手术培训为例,比较美国毕业后医学教育认证委员会管理下的美国眼科住院医师手术培训制度和我国眼科住院医师手术培训制度,对中美两国眼科住培制度进行深入研究。从4个维度进行对比,包括资质认定、培训要求、监督机制和考核方式。立足我国国情,借鉴美国经验,本研究建议采用线上住培管理系统代替纸质轮转登记手册,有效监督住院医师主刀手术的完成情况,优化过程性评价+终结性评价的住院医师考核方式,建立基于大数据的专业基地资质年审评定方案。

Medical education is an indispensable part of achieving the beautiful blueprint of Healthy China.It is particularly important to train residents with good therapeutic skills,especially surgical skills.Taking the training of ophthalmology residents as an example,this research investigated ophthalmology residency training systems in China and the United States,comparing the training systems of America College of Graduate Medical Education(ACGME)accredited ophthalmology residencies and the Chinese ophthalmology residencies in general.this research dissected the two systems into four aspects:qualification recognition,training requirements,supervision mechanism and assessment methods.Based on the national conditions of our country and drawing lessons from the experience of the United States,we suggest that each residency training base adopts an online residency training management system instead of paper records.This will potentially improve the supervision of cases in which residents are primary surgeons,strengthen the resident surgical skill assessment mechanism by combining process evaluation and terminal evaluation,and promote the base qualification annual assessment program based on big data.