北京市社区卫生服务现状研究及对策分析

Research on Current Status of Community Health Services in Beijing and Analysis of Countermeasures

目的:了解北京市社区卫生服务现状并提出对策,为改善社区卫生服务的质量和可及性提供参考。方法:选取2017年1月—2021年12月北京市社区卫生服务机构的常规监测数据,分析卫生服务机构运行情况,采用经济学模型,分析北京市各辖区社区卫生服务机构运行效率及低效率原因。结果:2017—2021年,北京市社区卫生服务机构运行情况逐年向好。2021年,有6个辖区的社区卫生机构运行效率处于规模收益递增阶段,2个辖区社区卫生服务机构运行效率处于规模收益递减阶段。社区卫生服务机构运行低效率影响因素主要在重点人群管理、公共卫生服务人次数及实际占用总床天数等方面,个别辖区诊疗人次及总收入也未达标。结论:北京市社区卫生服务利用率有待提高,卫生资源配置存在地区差异,建议政府加大投入,加强人才队伍建设,提高卫生资源利用率。

Objective:To understand the current situation of community health services in Beijing and propose the countermeasures,and provide references for improving the quality and accessibility of community health services.Methods:The routine monitoring data of community health service institutions in Beijing from January 2017 to December 2021 were collected.The operation status of health service institutions was analyzed.The operational efficiency and low efficiency reasons of community health service institutions in various districts of Beijing were analyzed using the economic model.Results:From 2017 to 2021,the operation of community health service institutions in Beijing has been improving year by year.In 2021,the operational efficiency of community health service institutions in 6 districts was in the stage of increasing returns to scale,and the operational efficiency of community health service institutions in 2 district was in the stage of decreasing returns on scale.The influencing factors for the low operation efficiency of community health service institutions were mainly the management of key populations,the person-time number of public health services,and the total number of occupied bed days,and the person-time number of diagnosis and treatment and total income in individual districts failed to meet the standards.Conclusion:The utilization rate of community health services in Beijing needs to be further improved,and there are regional differences in the allocation of health resources,so it is recommended to increase government investment,strengthen the construction of talent team,and enhance the utilization of health resources.