加强孕期增补叶酸管理预防胎儿神经管缺陷的效果观察

Observation on the effect of folic acid supplementation during pregnancy on preventing neural tube defects in fetus

目的探讨加强孕期增补叶酸管理预防胎儿神经管缺陷的临床价值。方法选取2021年1~12月5768例有备孕计划的孕前3个月女性及孕早期孕妇作为对照组;另选取2022年1~12月5422例孕前3个月女性及孕早期孕妇作为观察组。对照组孕妇备孕期及产检过程中根据其检查情况指导合理饮食,并指导其常规补充叶酸(400μg/d),持续补充至妊娠后3个月时停止。观察组在对照组基础进行保健管理。比较两组用药依从性、叶酸知识知晓评分及神经管缺陷发生率。结果观察组服用叶酸用药依从性良好率为94.61%、叶酸知识知晓评分(90.70±3.44)分均分别高于对照组的84.78%、(85.34±6.23)分,观察组神经管缺陷发生率0.09%低于对照组的0.26%(P<0.05)。结论加强孕期增补叶酸管理能提高孕妇叶酸用药依从性及叶酸知识知晓度,降低神经管缺陷发生率,值得临床应用。

Objective To explore the clinical value of folic acid supplementation during pregnancy to prevent neural tube defects in fetus.Methods From January to December 2021,5768 women in the first 3 months of pregnancy and pregnant women in the first trimester were selected as the control group;In addition,5422 women in the first 3 months of pregnancy and pregnant women in the first trimester were selected as the observation group from January to December 2022.In the control group,pregnant women were instructed to eat reasonably according to their examination conditions during pregnancy preparation and delivery,and were instructed to routinely supplement folic acid(40oμg/d)until 3 months after pregnancy.The observation group received health care management based on the control group.Medication compliance,folic acid knowledge score and incidence of neural tube defects were compared between the two groups.Results The good compliance rate of the observation group was 94.61%,the folic acid knowledge score(90.70±3.44)was higher than that of the control group(84.78%)and that of the control group(85.34±6.23),respectively.The incidence of neural tube defects in the observation group was 0.09%lower than that of the control group(0.26%)(P<0.05).Conclusion Strengthening folic acid supplementation management during pregnancy can improve pregnant women's folic acid medication compliance and knowledge of folic acid,reduce the incidence of neural tube defects,and is worthy of clinical application.