四合舍殿庭营造技艺探究——以苏州文庙大成殿为例

Study on the Building Techniques of the Hall of the Sihe House

“四合舍”殿庭是江南地区传统单体建筑类型中等级最高的建筑形制。文庙大成殿是苏州市现仅存一例“四合舍”殿庭建筑。本文以苏州文庙大成殿为例,对《营造法原》中所述的四合舍殿庭的营造技艺进行探究,主要围绕平面分间、柱梁枋、牌科、屋架、翼角几个方面来对文庙大成殿的构架技艺进行解析。通过探究“四合舍”殿庭建筑结构及营造技艺,更好地理解江南地区传统木作特色。

The courtyard of "Sihe House" is the highest grade building form in the traditional single building type in Jiangnan area. The Dacheng Hall of the Temple of Literature is the only one "four-he-house" hall building in Suzhou City. Taking Dacheng Hall of Confucian Temple in Suzhou as an example, this paper probes into the construction techniques of the quad-hehe House hall mentioned in the Original Construction Method, and analyzes the construction techniques of the Dacheng Hall of Confucian Temple mainly from the aspects of plane division, columns and beams, plates, roof truss and wing Angle. Through exploring the building structure and construction techniques of "Sihe House", we can better understand the characteristics of traditional wood work in Jiangnan area.