郑州市40岁及以上人群慢性阻塞性肺疾病流行现状及影响因素调查

Epidemic status and influencing factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in people aged 40 years and above in Zhengzhou

目的:分析郑州市40岁及以上人群慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)流行现状及影响因素。方法:于2022年4月至12月,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,抽取年龄≥40岁,排除居住在功能区中的居民、精神疾患或认知障碍、正在治疗的肿瘤、高位截瘫等人群后,最终共纳入研究对象600例。采用多因素Logistic回归分析抽样人群COPD发生的影响因素。结果:本研究600例人群中,男322例(53.67%),女278例(46.33%);汉族人群530例(88.33%);小学及以下文化程度人群占42.17%;年龄61~70岁的占36.67%;BMI等级为超重、从不吸烟、工作中未接触有害气体、粉尘的人群较高;抽样人群中,COPD的患病率为10.17%,其中男性患病率高于女性,不同文化程度、年龄、BMI等级、吸烟情况、工作中接触有害气体、工作中接触粉尘人群的COPD患病率经比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),而不同民族COPD患病率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果得出,郑州市40岁及以上人群COPD患病的影响因素为男性、文化程度为小学及以下、年龄为61~70、≥70岁、BMI等级为过低、正常、以前吸烟、现在吸烟(OR=7.029、7.164、7.389、6.959、1.523、7.389、6.554、6.153,P<0.05)。结论:抽样人群中COPD的患病率较高,对于男性、文化程度较低、高龄、BMI等级过低、吸烟等人群应重点关注,建议针对COPD高危人群应开展肺功能检查,尽早确诊并及时采取相应的治疗措施,以控制疾病的进展。

Objective:To analyze the epidemic status and influencing factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)in people aged 40 years and above in Zhengzhou.Methods:From April to December 2022,multi-stage stratified group sampling was used at 40 years,excluding residents living in functional areas,mental disorders or cognitive disorders,treated tumors,and high paraplegia,and 600 people were included in the analysis.All study subjects were surveyed,including demographic characteristics,smoking,and living environment.The basic characteristics of all investigated populations were analyzed,the prevalence of COPD in people among the sampled population in Zhengzhou was analyzed,and multifactor Logistic regression analysis was used to screen the influencing factors for the occurrence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among the sampled population u.Results:In the population of 600 patients in this study,A total of 322 males occurred,For 53.67%;Of 278 women,For 46.33%;The ethnic group is mainly Han,A total of 530 cases,For 88.33%;Education level for primary school and below the people accounted for a relatively high,For 42.17%;The ages of 61 to 70 are are higher,For 36.67%;BMI grade is overweight,never smoking,not exposed to harmful gases,dust at work accounted for a high proportion;Among the sampled populatlon,The prevalence of COPD was 10.17%,The prevalence was higher in males than in females,Comparison of COPD prevalence among people with different educational level,age,BMI grade,smoking status,exposure to harmful gases at work and dust at work,The differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05),And the prevalence of COPD among different ethnic groups,No significant difference(P>0.05);The results of the multivariate Logistic regression analysis concluded,The factors affecting the occurrence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Zhengzhou people aged 40 years and above were male,primary school or below,60~70,70 years old,low BMI,normal,previous smoking,and current smoking(OR=7.029,7.164,7.389,6.959,1.523,7.389,6.554,6.153,P<0.05).Conclusion:The prevalence of COPD among the sampled populatlon is high,and attention should be paid to educated men,low education level,advanced age,low BMI level,smoking,etc.It is suggested that lung function examination should be carried out for COPD high-risk groups,diagnosis as soon as possible and timely treatment measures should be taken to control the progress of the disease.