HPHT法合成人造金刚石用粉末触媒的发展与研究

Development and research of powder catalyst for synthetic diamondby HPHT method

研究了HPHT法合成人造金刚石用粉末触媒的制备方法,主要有雾化法、化学共沉淀法和羰基法,其中雾化法又分为气雾化法和水雾化法。水雾化法粉末触媒的合金成分均匀,工艺简单,设备要求低,推广容易,出粉率和成品率高,生产成本低,因此水雾化法是HPHT法合成人造金刚石用粉末触媒的普遍工艺。人工晶体研究院研发并推广了水雾化法粉末触媒,推动了中国人造金刚石行业和超硬材料行业的发展。在水雾化法制备粉末触媒的基础上,研究了收料工艺对水雾化法FeNi_(30)粉末触媒的影响。研究发现:采用沉淀放水工艺时粉末触媒氧含量、杂质含量和物料损失均远低于传统滤布收料工艺;从微观形貌分析,沉淀放水工艺粉末触媒球形度高,异形率和异形度低。沉淀放水工艺粉末触媒制备的人造金刚石TI (冲击韧性)、TTI (热冲击韧性)、晶型、透度和颜色均优于传统滤布收料工艺。

The preparation of powder catalyst for synthetic diamond by HPHT method was studied:There are mainly atomization method,chemical coprecipitation method and carbonyl method,among which,atomization method is divided into gas atomization method and water atomization method.Powder catalyst prepared by water atomization method has uniform alloy composition,simple process,low requirements on equipment,and it is easy to popularize,highly productive and low production cost.Therefore,water atomization method is a common process for the synthesis of artificial diamond powder catalyst by HPHT.Synthetic Crystals Research Institute developed and popularized the water atomization powder catalyst,which promoted the development of China's artificial diamond industry and superhard material industry.Based on the preparation of powder catalyst by water atomization method,the influence of precipitating water release process on catalyst of FeNi_(30) powder by water atomization method was studied.It was found that the oxygen content,impurity content and material loss of catalyst of powder by precipitating water release process were much lower than that by traditional press cloth receiving process;from the microscopic morphology analysis,the precipitation water release process powder catalyst has high sphericity,low special-shaped rate and low special-shaped degree.TI(Toughness of impact),TTI(Thermal impact toughness),crystal shape,permeability and color of synthetic diamond prepared by powder catalyst of precipitation water release process are better than those of traditional press cloth receiving process.