病原微生物在儿童川崎病中的免疫作用机制研究进展

Research Progress in Immune Mechanism of Pathogenic Microorganisms in Kawasaki Disease in Children

川崎病病因复杂,可能与感染、免疫及遗传易感性相关,病原微生物感染是川崎病发病的触发因素之一。由于超抗原和细胞因子的产生,病原微生物感染可引发机体免疫功能紊乱,并释放炎症因子,导致川崎病冠状动脉病变程度及风险增加。严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型、肠道病毒、细菌、肺炎支原体等均可诱发机体产生与川崎病临床特征类似的急性发热性疾病,导致临床鉴别困难。目前关于诱发川崎病的病原微生物尚未完全阐明,川崎病的诊断和治疗仍存在挑战。未来深入研究病原微生物在儿童川崎病中的免疫作用机制,可以为疾病的治疗提供新思路。

The etiology of Kawasaki disease is complex and may be related to infection,immunity,and genetic predisposition,and pathogenic microbial infection is one of the triggers for the onset of Kawasaki disease.Due to the production of superantigens and cytokines,pathogenic microbial infection can trigger immune dysfunction and release inflammatory factors,resulting in an increased degree and risk of coronary artery disease in Kawasaki disease.Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2,enterovirus,bacteria,mycoplasma pneumoniae etc.can induce acute febrile diseases with similar clinical features to Kawasaki disease,leading to clinical differentiation difficulties.At present,the pathogen that induces Kawasaki disease has not been fully elucidated,and the diagnosis and treatment of Kawasaki disease remain challenging.In the future,in-depth research on the immune mechanism of pathogenic microorganisms in pediatric Kawasaki disease can provide new ideas for the treatment of the disease.