川西凤仙花属植物资源调查与评价

Investigation and Evaluation on Plant Resources of Impatiens in Western Sichuan

以20种川西凤仙花属植物为试材,采用实地调查和AHP层次分析法,研究了凤仙花属植物形态特征与资源评价对凤仙花属植物开发利用和分类学的影响,以期为四川凤仙花属植物研究提供参考依据。结果表明:川西南地区凤仙花属植物种类多于川西北地区,其主要分布于海拔1000~2000 m,占总数的70%;花色丰富,有黄色、红色、白色等颜色,以黄色为主,占总数的40%;叶片形状有卵形、长卵形和椭圆形等,叶长5.75~18.30 cm,叶宽1.69~5.91 cm,叶片面积3.85~38.32 cm^(2);种子长2.24~3.93 mm,宽1.18~2.46 mm,千粒质量1.02~4.41 g。此外,采用AHP层次分析法对其进行了综合评价,发现Ⅰ级(>3.5)资源有6种,可直接开发并加以应用;Ⅱ级(3.0~3.5)资源有10种,可驯化后予以开发;Ⅲ级(<3.0)资源有4种,可作为杂交亲本等予以开发。综上所述,川西地区凤仙花属植物资源丰富,并具有较高观赏价值和开发利用价值。

Taking 20 species of Impatiens from western Sichuan as test material,and adopted field survey and AHP hierarchical analysis were used to investigated the effects of macro-morphology and resource evaluation on the development,utilization and taxonomy of Impatiens,in order to provide reference for the study of Impatiens in Sichuan.The results showed that there were more Impatiens species in southwestern Sichuan than in northwestern Sichuan,and most of them mainly distributed at an altitude ranged from 1000 m to 2000 m,accounting for 70%of the total number of species;their flower colors were rich,included yellow,red,white,pink and other colors,among which yellow flower accounted for 40%of the total;the shapes of their leaves were oval,long oval,elliptical and lanceolate,etc.,with the leaf length of 5.75-18.30 cm,the leaf width of 1.69-5.91 cm,and the leaf area of 3.85-38.32 cm^(2);the seed length of 2.24-3.93 mm,the seed width of 1.18-2.46 mm,and the thousand-seed weight of 1.02-4.41 g.In addition,all the Impatiens species were comprehensively evaluated by using AHP hierarchical analysis method it was found that there were 6 species of levelⅠ(>3.5)among them,which could be directly developed and applied;10 species of levelⅡ(3.0-3.5),which could be domesticated and then developed;and 4 species of levelⅢ(<3.0),which could be developed as hybrid parents and so on.Based on the above-mentioned result,Impatiens resources were rich in western Sichuan,which had high ornamental values and development and utilization values.