“指日可待”还是“道阻且长”?——目的地居民对中国入境旅游恢复的感知形成研究

"Just around the corner"or"Long road ahead"?Research on the Formation of Destination Residents'Perception of China's Inbound Tourism Recovery

以疫情为代表的突发公共卫生事件一度使中国出入境旅游市场陷入失衡,旅游业遭受严重打击。基于日渐宽松的出入境政策等客观事实,入境旅游的恢复或迎来希望,相应地,为入境旅游重新启动做好准备工作的相关议题应当在研究中得到重视。居民是目的地旅游活动的重要参与主体,文章从目的地居民视角出发对中国入境旅游恢复感知作预测研究,以深度访谈为资料来源,用扎根理论方法探索影响目的地居民对中国入境旅游恢复的感知过程与作用路径。研究发现:(1)政策与现实、风险认知、利益关切与个体内置情感是影响居民感知的因素;(2)信息源、信任情感积累、控制性/补偿性需求能够调节感知强度;(3)居民的感知结果包含“爱恨交织”的复合情绪,亦包含对来华游客潜在态度感知;(4)衍生感知后效包含整合行为、逃离行为、主动寻求防护行为和排斥来华游客行为4种行为倾向。

The COVID-19 pandemic once threw China's inbound and outbound tourism market into imbalance,and the tourism industry suffered a serious blow.Based on the increasingly loose entry and exit policies,there may be hope for the recovery of inbound tourism.Accordingly,issues related to the preparation for the restart of inbound tourism should be paid more attention in the study.Residents are important participants in destination tourism activities.This paper made a prediction study on the perception of China inbound tourism recovery from the perspective of destination residents.In-depth interviews were used as the data source and grounded theory method was applied to explore the perception process and action path of destination residents on China inbound tourism recovery.The findings are as follows:(1)Policy and reality,risk perception,interest concern and personal emotion are the factors affecting residents'perception.(2)Information source,accumulation of trust emotion,and control/compensatory needs can regulate perceived strength.(3)Residents'perception results include the composite emotion of"love and hate",and the perception of the potential attitude of tourists.(4)The derived perceptual aftereffect includes four behavioral tendencies:integration behavior,escaping behavior,actively seeking protection behavior and rejection behavior of tourists in China.