世界遗产地生态移民农户生计资本变化调查研究——以武陵源天子山安置区为例

Investigation and Research on the Changes of Livelihood Capital of Ecological Migrant Farmers in World Heritage Sites:A Case Study of Tianzi Mountain Resettlement Area in Wulingyuan

生态移民在恢复世界遗产地生态环境中起到积极作用的同时,往往也会给移民家庭的生计资本存量和结构带来一系列变化。文章基于生计资本理论,以世界遗产地—武陵源风景名胜区生态移民安置点之一的天子山安置区农户为调查对象,构建生计资本评价体系探究生计资本的变化,并在其变化的基础上运用障碍度模型分析当前其生计资本发展面临的主要问题。研究结果表明:天子山安置区农户生态移民后生计资本存量下降,从移民前的0.472下降到移民后的0.317;林地面积和耕地面积的缺失、技能的缺乏、房屋面积和村干部的欠缺限制了当前天子山安置区农户生计资本的进一步发展。

While ecological migration plays a positive role in restoring the ecological environment of tourist attractions,it often brings a series of changes to the stock and structure of livelihood capital of migrant families.Based on the theory of livelihood capital,this paper takes the farmers in Tianzishan resettlement area,one of the ecological resettlement sites in Wulingyuan National Scenic Spot Scenic Spot,as the survey objects,constructs a livelihood capital evaluation system to explore the changes of livelihood capital,and analyzes the main problems faced by the development of their livelihood capital by applying the barrier model on the basis of knowing their changes.The research results show that the livelihood capital stock of farmers in Tianzishan resettlement area decreased after ecological migration,from 0.472 before migration to 0.317 after migration,and the lack of forest land arable land area,skills,housing area and village cadres limit the further development of the livelihood capital of the residents in the Tianzishan settlement area.