饲粮氯化钠缺乏或过量对22~42日龄肉仔鸡生长性能、肠道形态、盲肠菌群及短链脂肪酸含量的影响

Effect of Dietary Sodium Chloride Deficiency or Excess on Growth Performance,Intestinal Morphology,Caecal Microflora and Short-chain Fatty Acid Content of Broilers from 22 to 42 Days of Age

试验旨在研究饲粮氯化钠缺乏或过量对22~42日龄肉仔鸡生长性能、肠道形态、盲肠菌群和短链脂肪酸含量的影响。144只22日龄AA+肉公鸡按平均体重随机分3组,每组8个重复,分别饲喂氯化钠缺乏(0.00%)、适量(0.20%)和过量(0.50%)3种饲粮。结果显示:与氯化钠适量组相比,氯化钠缺乏显著降低42日龄肉仔鸡体重、空肠隐窝深度、盲肠菌群多样性、22~42日龄平均日采食量、平均日增重和平均日饮水量(P<0.05),显著提高42日龄盲肠厚壁菌门和考拉杆菌属相对丰度及丁酸含量(P<0.05);氯化钠过量显著降低42日龄空肠隐窝深度、拟杆菌门和另支菌属相对丰度(P<0.05),显著提高变形菌门、酸杆菌门、芽单胞菌门和绿弯菌门相对丰度(P<0.05)。研究表明,氯化钠缺乏或过量均影响肉仔鸡肠道形态、盲肠菌群结构和多样性;氯化钠缺乏可能通过降低采食量、盲肠菌群多样性及改变盲肠菌群结构而抑制肉仔鸡生长性能。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary sodium chloride deficiency or excess on growth performance,intestinal morphology,caecal microflora and short-chain fatty acid content of broilers from 22 to 42 days of age.One hundred forty-four 1-day-age male AA+broilers were reared up to 21 days of age,and then randomly assigned to 3 groups with 8 replicates by average body weight.The broilers in three groups were fed with a sodium chloride deficient(0.00%),optimal(0.20%)or excess(0.50%)diets,respectively.The results showed that compared with the optimal sodium chloride group,dietary sodium chloride deficiency could significantly decrease the body weight of broilers,jejunal crypt depth as well as caecal microbio⁃ta diversity at 42 days of age,the average daily feed intake,average daily gain and average daily water intake during 22 to 42 days of age(P<0.05),and increase the relative diversity of Firmicutes and Phascolarctobacterium,as well as butyric acid content in broiler cecum at 42 days of age(P<0.05);dietary sodium chloride excess significantly decreased jejunal crypt depth,the relative diversity of Bacteroidetes and Alistipes at 42 days of age(P<0.05),but increased the relative diversity of Proteobacteria,Acidobac⁃teria,Gemmatimonadetes and Chloroflexi at 42 days of age(P<0.05).It was concluded that dietary sodium chloride deficiency or excess affected the intestinal morphology,caecal microflora structure and diversity.Dietary chloride deficiency inhibited the growth performance of broilers possibly by decreasing the feed intake and microflora diversity and changing the microflora struc⁃ture in the cecum.