磷转运载体在家禽小肠的表达规律及其影响因素研究进展

Review on Spatial Expression Characteristics of Phosphate Transporters and Influencing Factors in the Small Intestine of Poultry

磷是家禽必需的矿物元素,主要在家禽小肠吸收,尤其十二指肠和空肠。磷在家禽小肠的吸收主要受钠磷协同转运载体的调节。目前发现三种小肠磷转运载体,分别为Ⅱb型钠磷协同转运载体(NaPi-Ⅱb)、无机磷转运载体1(PiT-1)和无机磷转运载体2(PiT-2)。其中NaPi-Ⅱb是动物小肠中主要的磷转运载体,而PiT-1和PiT-2在磷吸收过程中的作用相对较小。文章综述了三种磷转运载体(NaPi-Ⅱb、PiT-1和PiT-2)在家禽小肠中的表达规律,以及年龄、饲粮有效磷含量和维生素D水平对其基因表达的影响,以期为改善家禽肠道磷的吸收、减少磷的排泄、提高磷的利用率、助推健康养殖提供理论依据。

Phosphorus is an essential mineral element for poultry.Phosphorus is absorbed in the small intestine of poultry,especially in the duodenum and jejunum.Active transport of phosphate in poultry intestine is primarily mediated by three types of sodium-dependent phosphate cotransporters which includes NaPi-Ⅱb,PiT-1,and PiT-2.NaPi-Ⅱb is main phosphate trans⁃porter.PiT-1 and PiT-2 are secondary phosphate transporters.This article reviewed the spatial expression characteristics of the three phosphorus transporters(NaPi-Ⅱb,PiT-1,and PiT-2)in the small intestine of poultry.The effects of age,dietary available phosphorus content,and vitamin D levels on the gene expressions of NaPi-Ⅱb,PiT-1,and PiT-2 were also reviewed.It would provide a theoretical basis for improving intestinal phosphorus absorption,reducing phosphorus excretion,increasing phosphorus utilization,and promoting healthy farming.