聚脲材料动态力学性能试验研究

Experimental study on dynamic mechanical behaviors of polyurea material

应用低阻抗分离式霍普金森压杆和拉杆试验装置开展了聚脲材料动态力学性能的试验研究。分别开展了聚脲8380材料常温条件(T=18℃)下的动态压缩和动态拉伸试验,以及高温(50、80℃)和低温(-40、-20℃)条件下的动态压缩试验,研究了该种材料的动态压缩和动态拉伸性能,并研究了应变率和温度对材料动态力学性能的影响规律。研究结果表明:在不同温度下,聚脲8380材料的动态力学性能均呈现出显著的应变率效应;随着加载应变率的增大,材料的强度、变形能力和耗能能力均有不同程度的提升;聚脲8380材料的动态力学性能具有明显的温度相关性,高温和低温条件下材料的动态压缩性能呈现出不同的变化规律;高温条件下聚脲8380材料的动态压缩性能发生劣化,其动态抗压强度较常温条件下有较大幅度的降低,随着温度的升高,材料的动态抗压强度降低;低温条件下聚脲8380材料的动态压缩性能有显著的改善与提升,其动态抗压强度和耗能能力较常温条件下有大幅度的提高,随着温度的降低,材料的动态抗压强度提高。

An experimental study on the dynamic mechanical properties of polyurea was carried out by using a low impedance split Hopkinson pressure bar and pull rod test device.The dynamic compression and dynamic tensile tests of polyurea 8380 at room temperature(T=18℃)and high temperature(50,80℃)and low temperature(-40,-20℃)were carried out respectively.The dynamic compression and dynamic tensile properties of the material were studied,and the effects of strain rate and temperature on the dynamic mechanical properties of the material were studied.The results show that:the dynamic mechanical properties of polyurea 8380 have significant strain rate effect at different temperatures.With the increase of loading strain rate,the strength,deformation capacity and energy dissipation capacity of the material are improved to varying degrees.The dynamic mechanical properties of polyurea 8380 have obvious temperature dependence.The dynamic compressive properties of polyurea 8380 show different changes at high and low temperatures.The dynamic compressive strength of polyurea 8380 is much lower than that at room temperature.With the increase of temperature,the dynamic compressive strength of the material decreases.At a low temperature,the dynamic compressive strength and energy dissipation capacity of polyurea 8380 are significantly improved compared with those at room temperature.With the decrease of temperature,the dynamic compressive strength of the material increases.